Speleothems from the Middle East: An Example of Water Limited Environments in the SISAL Database

Burstyn, Yuval; Martrat, Belén; López, Jordi F.; Iriarte, Eneko; Jacobson, Matthew J.; Lone, Mahjoor Ahmad; Deininger, Michael W.

doi:10.3390/quat2020016

Cited by 32 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 166 publications

(250 reference statements)

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“…The negative shift in So-1 resonates to a decreased heat transport from the cooled Atlantic inland. The mirrored pattern of δ 18 O from the Dim speleothems is in agreement with the Levantine records [117]. Hence, these variations can similarly be linked to hydroclimatological changes, i.e., less precipitation.…”

Section: Regional Patterns In Carbon-and Oxygen Isotope Recordssupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Whether the δ 18 O spel -elevation gradient ( Figure 6) prevails over geological timescales, especially under distinct climate settings such as the LGM, can be better explored with an increased number of records, providing a much-improved replication in this specific period. The robustness of these empirical gradients can be further explored extending the study region towards nearby regions [31,117].…”

Section: Assessment Of Spatial Patterns Of Speleothem δ 18 O In the Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Speleothem Records from the Eastern Part of Europe and Turkey—Discussion on Stable Oxygen and Carbon Isotopes

et al. 2019

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The region comprising of East Central Europe, South East Europe and Turkey contributed to the SISAL (Speleothem Isotopes Synthesis and AnaLysis) global database with stable carbon and oxygen isotope time-series from 18 speleothems from 14 caves. The currently available oldest record from the studied region is the ABA-2 flowstone record (Abaliget Cave; Hungary) reaching back to MIS 6. The temporal distribution of the compiled 18 records from the region points out a ~20 kyr-long period, centering around 100 ka BP, lacking speleothem stable isotope data. The regional subset of SISAL_v1 records displays a continuous coverage for the past ~90 kyr for both δ13C and δ18O, with a mean temporal resolution of ~12 yr for the Holocene, and >50 yr for the pre-Holocene period. The highest temporal resolution both for the Holocene and the pre-Holocene was achieved in the So-1 record (Sofular Cave; Turkey). The relationship between modern day precipitation δ18O (amount weighted annual and winter season mean values; 1961–2017) and climatological parameters was evaluated. The strong positive correlation found in East Central Europe reinforces the link between modern day precipitation δ18O, temperature and large-scale circulation (North Atlantic Oscillation) expected to be preserved in the speleothem δ18O record; while a negative relationship was documented between precipitation amount and oxygen isotope compositions in South East Europe. Variations of δ13C values are primarily interpreted as reflecting dry/wet periods across the region. Elevation gradients from three non-overlapping periods of the last ~5 kyr indicated elevation gradients around −0.26‰ per 100 m−1 for calcite δ18O.

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Section: Regional Patterns In Carbon-and Oxygen Isotope Recordssupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Assessment Of Spatial Patterns Of Speleothem δ 18 O In the Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speleothem Records from the Eastern Part of Europe and Turkey—Discussion on Stable Oxygen and Carbon Isotopes

et al. 2019

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“…This database was compiled to provide a comprehensive understanding of speleothem δ 18 O and δ 13 C records for climate reconstruction and model evaluation (e.g., Comas-Bru et al, 2019). From this database, several papers have already been published that assess data coverage and investigate regional patterns in stalagmite δ 18 O records from specific regions and continents (e.g., Lechleitner et al, 2018;Oster et al, 2019;Braun et al, 2019;Burstyn et al, 2019). To constrain the governing processes influencing speleothem δ 13 C values in the SISAL records we focus on two subsets of the data of the SISAL_v1 database.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Main controls on the stable carbon isotope composition of speleothems

Fohlmeister

Voarintsoa

Lechleitner

et al. 2020

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

132

103

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The climatic controls on the stable carbon isotopic composition (δ 13 C) of speleothem carbonate are less often discussed in the scientific literature in contrast to the frequently used stable oxygen isotopes. Various local processes influence speleothem δ 13 C values and confident and detailed interpretations of this proxy are often complex. A better understanding of speleothem δ 13 C values is critical to improving the amount of information that can be gained from existing and future records.This contribution aims to disentangle the various processes governing speleothem δ 13 C values and assess their relative importance. Using a large data set of previously published records we examine the spatial imprint of climate-related processes in speleothem δ 13 C values deposited post-1900 CE, a period during which global temperature and climate data is readily available. Additionally, we investigate the causes for differences in average δ 13 C values and growth rate under identical climatic conditions by analysing pairs of contemporaneously deposited speleothems from the same caves.This approach allows to focus on carbonate dissolution and fractionation processes during carbonate precipitation, which we evaluate using existing geochemical models. Our analysis of a large global data set of records reveals evidence for a temperature control, likely driven by vegetation and soil processes, on δ 13 C values in recently deposited speleothems. Moreover, datamodel intercomparison shows that calcite precipitation occurring along water flow paths prior to reaching the top of the speleothem can explain the wide δ 13 C range observed for concurrently deposited samples from the same cave. We demonstrate that using the combined information of contemporaneously growing speleothems is a powerful tool to decipher controls on δ 13 C values, which facilitates a more detailed discussion of speleothem δ 13 C values as a proxy for climate conditions and local soil-karst processes.

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“…CC BY 4.0 License. Burstyn et al, 2019;Deininger et al, 2019;Kaushal et al, 2018;Lechleitner et al, 2018;Oster et al, 2019;Zhang et al, 2019). The potential for using the SISAL database to evaluate climate models was explored using an updated version of the database (SISALv1b; Atsawawaranunt et al, 2019) that contains 455 speleothem records from 211 sites .…”

Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analyses of the data included in SISALv1 (Braun et al, 2019a;Burstyn et al, 2019;Deininger et al, 2019;Kaushal et al, 2018;Kern et al, 2019;Lechleitner et al, 2018;Oster et al, 2019;Zhang et al, 2019) and SISALv1b (Comas-Bru et al, 2019) revealed a number of errors in specific records that have now been corrected. These revisions include, for example, updates in mineralogies (sample.mineralogy), revised coordinates (site.latitude and/or site.longitude) and addition of missing information that was previously entered as "unknown".…”

Section: Quality Control Of Individual Speleothem Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SISALv2: A comprehensive speleothem isotope database with multiple age-depth models

Comas-Bru¹,

Rehfeld²,

Roesch³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. Characterising the temporal uncertainty in palaeoclimate records is crucial for analysing past climate change, for correlating climate events between records, for assessing climate periodicities, identifying potential triggers, and to evaluate climate model simulations. The first global compilation of speleothem isotope records by the SISAL (Speleothem Isotope Synthesis and Analysis) Working Group showed that age-model uncertainties are not systematically reported in the published literature and these are only available for a limited number of records (ca. 15 %, n = 107/691). To improve the usefulness of the SISAL database, we have (i) improved the database’s spatio-temporal coverage and (ii) created new chronologies using seven different approaches for age-depth modelling. We have applied these alternative chronologies to the records from the first version of the SISAL database (SISALv1) and to new records compiled since the release of SISALv1. This paper documents the necessary changes in the structure of the SISAL database to accommodate the inclusion of the new age-models and their uncertainties as well as the expansion of the database to include new records and the quality-control measures applied. This paper also documents the age-depth model approaches used to calculate the new chronologies. The updated version of the SISAL database (SISALv2) contains isotopic data from 691 speleothem records from 294 cave sites and new age-depth models, including age-depth temporal uncertainties for 512 speleothems. SISALv2 is available at https://doi.org/10.17864/1947.242 (Comas-Bru et al., 2020).

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Speleothems from the Middle East: An Example of Water Limited Environments in the SISAL Database

Cited by 32 publications

References 166 publications

Speleothem Records from the Eastern Part of Europe and Turkey—Discussion on Stable Oxygen and Carbon Isotopes

Speleothem Records from the Eastern Part of Europe and Turkey—Discussion on Stable Oxygen and Carbon Isotopes

Main controls on the stable carbon isotope composition of speleothems

SISALv2: A comprehensive speleothem isotope database with multiple age-depth models

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