Sperm Acrosome Reaction

Breitbart, Haim; Shabtay, Ortal

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801238-3.66186-x

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Moreover, RAB3-peptides, including RAB3B, are key regulators of the acrosome reaction in sheep [99]. Given that the acrosome reaction is a necessary process for fertilisation [100], RAB3B may be an important candidate gene for promoting sperm binding to the ova and promoting conception success. In a bull study, RPL30 was abundantly expressed in bulls with high sperm motility compared to bulls with low motility [101].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

QTLs and Candidate Genes Associated with Semen Traits in Merino Sheep

Hodge

Heras‐Saldana

Rindfleish³

et al. 2023

Animals

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Ram semen traits play a significant role in conception outcomes, which in turn may influence reproductive efficiency and the overall productivity and profitability of sheep enterprises. Since hundreds of ewes may be inseminated from a single ejaculate, it is important to evaluate semen quality prior to use in sheep breeding programs. Given that semen traits have been found to be heritable, genetic variation likely contributes to the variability observed in these traits. Identifying such genetic variants could provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying variability in semen traits. Therefore, this study aimed to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with semen traits in Merino sheep. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was undertaken using 4506 semen collection records from 246 Merino rams collected between January 2002 and May 2021. The R package RepeatABEL was used to perform a GWAS for semen volume, gross motility, concentration, and percent post-thaw motility. A total of 35 QTLs, located on 16 Ovis aries autosomes (OARs), were significantly associated with either of the four semen traits in this study. A total of 89, 95, 33, and 73 candidate genes were identified, via modified Bonferroni, within the QTLs significantly associated with volume, gross motility, concentration, and percent post-thaw motility, respectively. Among the candidate genes identified, SORD, SH2B1, and NT5E have been previously described to significantly influence spermatogenesis, spermatozoal motility, and high percent post-thaw motility, respectively. Several candidate genes identified could potentially influence ram semen traits based on existing evidence in the literature. As such, validation of these putative candidates may offer the potential to develop future strategies to improve sheep reproductive efficiency. Furthermore, Merino ram semen traits are lowly heritable (0.071–0.139), and thus may be improved by selective breeding.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

QTLs and Candidate Genes Associated with Semen Traits in Merino Sheep

Hodge

Heras‐Saldana

Rindfleish³

et al. 2023

Animals

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“…Precisely, its great binding capacity to different ligands grants Spermadhesin-1 the ability to act as a decapacitating and preventive agent of spontaneous acrosome reactions (SARs) [82]. Spontaneous acrosome reactions is a phenomenon characterized in sperm populations in which the acrosome reacts prematurely, decreasing sperm fertility due to the impossibility of penetration through cumulus oophorus and consequently merging the zona pellucida [83, 84]. The causes that trigger SRAs are multifactorial and unclear, but prolonged exposure to ROS due to excessive extragonadal storage seems to be one of the major causes [85].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative stress associated with proteomic and fatty acid profiles of sperm from Nellore bulls at rest

Ramírez-López,

Barros,

Vidigal

et al. 2023

Biology of Reproduction

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Sexual rest is a transient condition, which compromises conception rates, characterized by large volumes of ejaculate with high percentages of dead sperm observed in bulls. The biochemical mechanisms leading to this ejaculate pattern are not fully understood. Six adult resting Nellore bulls were submitted to Breeding Soundness Evaluation by four consecutive semen collections through the electroejaculation method during a 30 min period. Each ejaculate had its semen phenotypic parameters; morphology and physical aspects were evaluated. To assess enzymatic activity (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione S-transferase), lipid peroxidation (concentrations of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide), fatty acid, and proteomic profile aliquots of spermatozoa from the first and fourth ejaculates were used. All sperm parameters differed between the first and fourth ejaculates. Spermatozoa from the first ejaculate showed lower enzymatic activity and a higher concentration of lipid peroxidation markers. Among the 19 identified fatty acids, 52.7% are polyunsaturated. Relative abundance analysis showed that C12:0 and C18:0 fatty acids differed between the first and fourth ejaculates, being the fourth ejaculate richer in spermatozoa. The proteomics analysis identified a total of 974 proteins in both sample groups (first and fourth ejaculates). The majority of identified proteins are related to cellular processes and signaling. Quantitative proteomics showed 36 differentially abundant proteins, 6 up-regulated proteins in the first ejaculate, and 30 up-regulated proteins in the fourth ejaculate. Spermatozoa from bulls at sexual rest have less antioxidant capacity, causing changes in their fatty acid composition and protein profile, which generates the observed sperm pattern and lower fertilization capacity.

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“…Precisely, its great binding capacity to different ligands grant Spemadhesin-1 the ability to act as a decapacitating and preventive agent of spontaneous acrosome reaction (ARs) [59] . ARs is a phenomenon characterized by presenting sperm populations with the acrosome reacting prematurely, causing a decrease in the fertilizing capacity of sperm due to the impossibility of penetrating the cumulus-oophorus and encountering into contact with the zona pellucida [60][61] . The causes that trigger RAs are multifactorial and unclear, however, prolonged exposure to ROS due to excessive storage in organs of the reproductive system seems to be one of the main causes [62] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of sperm oxidative stress, proteomics and fatty acid profiles in nellore bulls at sexual rest

López¹

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Association of sperm oxidative stress, proteomics and fatty acid profiles in nellore bulls at sexual rest. Adviser: Simone Eliza Facioni Guimarães. This study was carried out with the objective of determining the effect of sexual rest on the oxidative status of spermatozoa from adult Nellore bulls and its effect on the fatty acid composition and protein profile. Six bulls were used, which were submitted to Breeding Soundness Evaluation and consecutive semen collection by the electroejaculation method. For each semen collection, the physical and morphological characteristics of the ejaculates were evaluated using conventional optical microscopy and phase contrast microscopy. After analyzing the semen qualitative parameters, the first and last ejaculate of each were centrifuged to separate the spermatozoa from the seminal plasma. From sperm aliquots, the enzymatic activity of Super Oxido Dismutase, Catalase and Glutathione S-Transferase was determined by colorimetric methods. The markers of lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde and nitric oxide were also determined. Using gas chromatography, the fatty acids of sperm from the first and last ejaculate were identified. For proteomic analysis, total sperm proteins were extracted and precipitated in a 4% CHAPS solution, then quantified by the Bradford method and subsequently analyzed by monodimensional short-run electrophoresis and mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Proteins were identified using PEAKS software version 7.0. Proteins were functionally classified by the RPSBLAST tool of BLAST version 2.13.0 into categories from the KOG database. For the label-free quantitative proteomics analysis, proteins identified in at least three technical replicates of each group with a fold-change greater than 1.5 times were included. Data were analyzed using GraphPad Prisma software version 9.1. Four semen collections were necessary so that the bulls at sexual rest presented sperm parameters compatible with reproductive fitness. Differences (p<0.05) were observed between all physical and morphological characteristics of the first and last ejaculate. A total of 974 proteins were identified, of which 735 were common between the two groups and 123 and 116 proteins were unique to spermatozoa from the first and last ejaculate, respectively. Functional classification analysis revealed that KOG categories with the highest number of classified proteins were Posttranslational modification, protein turnover, chaperones and Cytoskeleton and Signal transduction mechanisms. The protein abundance profile showed that 6 proteins were differentially abundant in spermatozoa from the first ejaculate and 30 proteins weredifferentially abundant in spermatozoa from the last ejaculate. In addition, gas chromatography analysis allowed the identification of 19 fatty acids, 47.3% of the saturated type and 52.7% of the unsaturated type. The C12:0 and C18:0 fatty acids showed difference between the two groups, being more abundant in the spermatozoa of the last ejaculate. The results indicate that oxidative stress may be related to sperm characteristics displayed by bulls at sexual rest, since the accumulation of by-products of lipid peroxidation can cause alterations in the metabolic pathways used by spermatozoa to generate energy used for motility and alter fluidity. of the membrane causing sperm abnormalities. Keywords: Bovine. Semen. Antioxidants. Lipids. Proteins.

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Sperm Acrosome Reaction

Cited by 4 publications

References 51 publications

QTLs and Candidate Genes Associated with Semen Traits in Merino Sheep

QTLs and Candidate Genes Associated with Semen Traits in Merino Sheep

Oxidative stress associated with proteomic and fatty acid profiles of sperm from Nellore bulls at rest

Association of sperm oxidative stress, proteomics and fatty acid profiles in nellore bulls at sexual rest

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