Sphenoid sinus development in choanal atresia

The effects of choanal atresia on development of the paranasal sinuses and turbinates

“…The effects of CA on the development of the sphenoidal and maxilla-facial sinus were evaluated by Leclerc et al [9]. In this study, measurements of the frontozygomatic, zygomatic, maxillary sinus, and sphenoid sinus widths on the atresic side were obtained by PNS CT imaging and compared to those for the healthy controls.…”

“…PNS is the last frontal sinus to develop. Its growth starts after the age of two years, and is fully developed by puberty [7,9]. Thus, patients aged ≥ 14 years were included in this study to ensure assessment of the development of the frontal sinuses.…”

“…However, it is perceived that the nasal passage of airflow plays an important role in the development and growth of PNSs (12). By contrast, the focus has been on the absence of effects of nasal airflow on the development of PNSs in other studies [4,[9][10][11].…”

“…Moreover, great variation is demonstrated in the development and eventual final PNS shape. All sinuses are formed and reach adult size in early adulthood [9].…”

Dimensional relationships between the sphenoid sinus, maxillary sinuses and other craniomaxillofacial structures using cone-beam computed tomography analysis.

“…It has been suggested that the maxillary sinuses grow in a lateral and inferior direction (Leclerc and Leclerc, 2009). The current study found:…”