Spherical and Anisotropic Silver Nanomaterials in Medical Diagnosis

Abstract

Silver‐based nanostructures have been widely used for biosensors and medical diagnostics due to their unique optical properties. In this chapter, we review the fundamentals of different novel diagnostics techniques, such as surface plasmon resonance, localized surface plasmon resonance, surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy, metal‐enhanced florescence and surface‐enhanced infrared absorbance spectroscopy, based on the unique plasmonic properties of silver nanostructures. The general methodology to synthesize and fabricate different silver nanostructures is also reviewed. Surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy has been used as an example to show the potential of Ag nanoparticle‐based diagnostic techniques in applications such as drug identification, biomarker tracing, DNA and RNA differentiation, virus and bacterial detection. The demonstrated Ag nanostructure‐based optical sensing techniques have not only high efficiency and sensitivity but also relatively simple equipment requirements and are economic – features which offer great potential for use in practical diagnostics.

Raman Imaging in Biochemical and Biomedical Applications. Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer

“…There are many papers demonstrating that breast cancer oncology may benefit from SERS-active nanoparticles. They have been used in assays for prostate-specific antigen (PSA), BRCA1, and HER2, along with examples of nucleic acid detection. − …”

Qualitative and Quantitative Determination of Melamine by Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Using Silver Nanorod Array Substrates

“…Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a novel and ultra-sensitive method for detecting chemical and biological molecules. [9][10][11] The method relies on the analysis of molecules in close proximity to a roughened noble metal surface, which has been shown to enhance the intensity of the Raman signal by more than six orders of magnitude. The limit of detection (LOD) of SERS can be as low as at a single molecule level.…”

“…The limit of detection (LOD) of SERS can be as low as at a single molecule level. [9][10][11] Although there are a few reports on Raman spectroscopic characterizations of melamine, most of them mainly focus on using the normal Raman spectra to distinguish a high concentration of melamine. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] There is only one report that used SERS to detect melamine.…”

Untitled

“…Due to these, AgNPs are found to have a lot of industrial applications 109 . [138][139] , antipermeability agent (in management of diabetic retinopathy) and dental preparations 140 .…”