Spider Venoms and Their Effect

Maretić, Z

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-71552-5_11

Cited by 23 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…Other ctenid genera occurring in the tropics are probably also responsible for serious bites. Sao Paulo has 100 serious bites a year (103). At least 20 other genera have been responsible for bites requiring medical attention (142).…”

Section: Diversity Paleontology Descriptive Work Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

Systematics and Evolution of Spiders (Araneae)

Coddington

Levi

1991

Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst.

636

177

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Section: Diversity Paleontology Descriptive Work Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

Systematics and Evolution of Spiders (Araneae)

Coddington

Levi

1991

Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst.

636

177

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“…Tel: 82-417-550-3445, 3474, Fax: 82-417-551-9229 spiders were considered as the most toxic to human beings (Maretic, 1987). Like the other araneid spiders, these highly poisonous spiders also have several types of silk-producing apparatus and use the silks throughout their life (Coddington, 1986).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Like the other araneid spiders, these highly poisonous spiders also have several types of silk-producing apparatus and use the silks throughout their life (Coddington, 1986). Because of its high toxicity, the venoms of Latrodectus spiders have received the most attention (McCrone and Hatala, 1967;Frontali et al, 1972;Maretic, 1987), while the silk of this spider has been nearly neglected except for the histologic work by Kovoor (1977). To begin filling this gap, we have conducted a series of experiments to establish a correlation between the silk usage and silk producing system in poisonous spiders.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine structural analysis of secretory silk production in the black widow spider,Latrodectus mactans

Moon¹,

Townley²,

Tillinghast³

1998

Korean Journal of Biological Sciences

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“…Evidence suggests that the degree of venom gland emptying is at the spider's volition (Boeve et al 1995;Maretic 1987). Using indirect measures of the amount of venom deployed, investigators have found that prey size and struggle intensity are important factors influencing predatory venom expenditure.…”

Section: Amount Of Venom Deployed By Spidersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Strategic Use of Venom by Spiders

Cooper¹,

Nelsen²,

Hayes³

2015

Evolution of Venomous Animals and Their Toxins

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Understanding the behaviors by which animals deploy their venoms has been largely neglected compared to other aspects of the evolution and biology of venomous organisms and their venoms. Yet, behavior has long been recognized as a pacemaker for the evolution of morphological, ecological, life history, and other traits, in large part because behavioral responses can expose organisms to or protect them from novel selection pressures. The importance of behavior is especially evident in that venom most often functions through a behavioral act that generates a wound in a target animal through which the toxic secretion must be introduced. As a limited and costly commodity, venom should be deployed strategically and judiciously by those animals that possess it. The chapter summarizes the major aspects of adaptive venom use in animals, and highlights the best documented examples of strategic venom deployment among spiders. These animals, like other venomous taxa, exhibit four major behavioral strategies. First, they are often highly selective when using their venom, discharging it only under certain conditions. Second, they can modulate the quantity of venom they expend in both predatory and defensive contexts, delivering multiple bites or variable quantities within individual doses. Third, at least one study suggests that spiders possess venom gland heterogeneity and therefore deliver varying venom composition with successive venom expulsions. Finally, some evidence suggests that spiders can strategically target the delivery of their weapon at a particularly vulnerable region of their target. Collectively, the evidence suggests a common theme among spiders and other venomous animals for economization and optimization of venom deployment.

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Spider Venoms and Their Effect

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

Systematics and Evolution of Spiders (Araneae)

Systematics and Evolution of Spiders (Araneae)

Fine structural analysis of secretory silk production in the black widow spider,Latrodectus mactans

The Strategic Use of Venom by Spiders

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