“…Pleurodesis has been advocated as a successful method of treatment for the recurrent case and numerous irritants have been used. However, it is a 'blind' procedure, the adhesions are too often inadequate, tending to form on the mediastinal and diaphragmatic surfaces where they are of least use, and many fail to prevent recurrences (Gobbel et al, 1963;Ruckley and McCormack, 1966;Bromley, 1967;Cran and Rumball, 1967). In the present series 4 patients had had a previous attempted pleurodesis.…”