Sports Event Image, Satisfaction, Motivation, Stadium Atmosphere, Environment, and Perception: A Study on the Biggest Multi-Sport Event in Indonesia during the Pandemic

Abstract

The National Sports Week (known in Bahasa Indonesia as Pekan Olahraga Nasional or PON) consumes a large budget as Indonesia’s largest multi-sports event. This raises the question of whether it is only a sporting event or has an impact on society. Studies related to multi-sports events, specifically in the form of local or small-scale, such as PON, are still limited in Asia. The aim of this study was to investigate six important domains (constructs) of the 20th PON (PON XX) held in Papua in 2021: sports event image, motivation, satisfaction, stadium atmosphere, environment, and perception of the impacts. In addition, this study assessed the correlations between those six constructs and associations between the explanatory variables (gender, distance of residence, and involvement in the sporting event) and those six constructs. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to assess those six constructs and the explanatory variables. We included 675 respondents aged between 17–57 years, with a mean age of 22.87 years in the study. The results showed that the implementation of PON XX was positively received by the community and their highest motivation to watch this event was for entertainment. The involvement of the participant in the event was significantly associated with sports event image, satisfaction, motivation, stadium atmosphere, environment, and the perception of PON impact. The distance of the residence from the venues was only significantly associated with the perceived impact of PON XX on the community while gender had no association with all six constructs. There was a strong correlation between the other five investigated constructs and the perceived impact of PON XX.

The Relationship of Organizing National Sports Events to Local Tax Revenue in Indonesia

“…But it occurs after a year of the event. The impact was not significant in the year when the event was conducted because the PON event was more attractive than any other entertainments at that year, as implied by a previous study (Kogoya et al, 2022). While a year later, there were more entertainments using the infrastructure from the events as the legacy for the city or district.…”

“…The global sport events have been studies are for instance, World Golf Championshiops HSBC Championship (WGCHSBC) tournament located in Shanghai, China (Yao & Schwarz, 2018); The Fauresmith 200 International Endurance Ride (Scholtz, 2019), Snow-Sport tourism in U.S. (Mirehie & Gibson, 2020), and World Ski Championship 2015 in Sweden (Mortazavi, 2021). The regional sport event which have been studies are such as Asian Games (Prasetyo et al, 2021;Revindo et al, 2021), professional basketball Obradoiro (Salgado-Barandela et al, 2018), Standard Charter Hong Kong Marathon (Chen et al, 2018) and PON (Pekan Olahraga Nasional) in Indonesia (Kusago & Tzannatos, 1998;Tanasaldy, 2017;Salmiah et al, 2018;Virman et al, 2019;Kogoya et al, 2022).…”

“…Even though PON has been discussed by many studies as mentioned beforehand, the previous studies have not focused on the economic benefits of the event. Instead, the previous studies discussed on other topics such as Chinese involvement in the sport event (Tanasaldy, 2017), PON infrastructure utilization (Salmiah et al, 2018), Groundwater identification for swimming pool infrastructure in the sport event (Virman et al, 2019) or the social impacts of the PON event including the sport image, people satisfaction and perception toward the event (Kogoya et al, 2022). It was rarely found studies focusing on investigating the economic impact of the sport event especially on the local tax revenues due to holding the PON.…”

Analysis of sports policy in Papua in the formation of the Papuan contingent at the XX National Sports Week (PON)

“…Events like the Indonesian National Sports Festival (PON) serve as benchmarks for national sports progress and regional athlete development (Ghoni et al, 2023;Guntoro & Putra, 2021). Continuous government support for events like PON not only garners positive public responses but also stimulates economic growth and evaluates regional sports development (Kogoya et al, 2022). With participation from diverse provinces, PON transcends its role as a national unification platform to become a springboard for identifying and nurturing athletes for international success (Senja et al, 2022;Ardiansyah & Dimyati, 2021).…”

Responsibility, Inner Leadership, and Learning Outcomes of Sports Science Students

“…This was due to chaos when Papua hosted the 20th National Sports Week (PON) (Putra & Ita, 2019;. PON is the biggest sporting event in Indonesia (Kogoya et al, 2022). The chaos is the cause of the two constructs above being questioned by the public.…”