Spring phenology in boreal Eurasia over a nearly century time scale

Abstract

International audienceIt has been widely reported that tree leaves have tended to appear earlier in many regions of the northern hemisphere in the last few decades, reflecting climate warming. Satellite observations revealed an 8-day advance in leaf appearance date between 1982 and 1991 in northern latitudes. In situ observations show that leaf appearance dates in Europe have advanced by an average of 6.3 days from 1959 to 1996. Modelling of leaf appearance on the basis of temperature also shows a marked advance in temperate and boreal regions from 1955 to 2002. However, before 1955, reported studies of phenological variations are restricted to local scale. Modelling, ground observations and satellite observations are here combined to analyse phenological variations in Eurasian taiga over nearly a century. The trend observed by remote sensing consists mainly in a shift at the end of the 1980s, reflecting a shift in winter and spring temperature. In western boreal Eurasia, a trend to earlier leaf appearance is evident since the mid-1930s, although it is discontinuous. In contrast, the strong advance in leaf appearance detected over Central Siberia using satellite data in 1982–1991 is strengthened by late springs in 1983–1984; moreover, in this region the green-up timing has displayed successive trends with opposite signs since 1920. Thus, such strong trend is not unusual if considered locally. However, the recent advance is unique in simultaneously affecting most of the Eurasian taiga, the leaf appearance dates after 1990 being the earliest in nearly a century in most of the area

Change of Climatic Growing Season in Korea

“…북반구 중고위도 지역의 동식물의 생물계절이 변화하고 있으며, 이는 기후변화 와 밀접한 관련이 있다 (Parmesan and Yohe, 2003;Delbart et al, 2008;Morin et al, 2009;Zheng et al, 2013). 개 엽일, 개화일 등과 같은 생물계절 현상은 최근 큰 변화를 보이고 있으며 (Parmesan 2006;Miller-Rushing and Primack 2008), 이와 같은 생물계절 현상의 변화는 생물종 혹은 시공간적으로 뚜렷한 차이를 보이고 있으며 (Schwartz et al, 2006;Zheng et al, 2013) 기후변화의 중요한 지표로 사용될 수 있다 (Song et al, 2010;Jung et al, 2014).…”

Characterising the Land Surface Phenology of Europe Using Decadal MERIS Data

“…A clear latitudinal gradient could not be found for shrublands, presenting a high variance in phenophase date. This variation, especially in the Mediterranean region, could be associated to differences in elevation and precipitation, together with heterogeneity in the landscape [24].…”

“…The LS of the three first regions mentioned before are quite similar, with LS values of nine months (277, 269, and 277 days, respectively). However, the length of the season in Alpine evergreen forests is shorter due to a much-delayed OG (7.8 months), which can be influenced by the timing of snowmelt and the photoperiod in the Alpine Tundra ecosystem [49].…”

“…This spatially continuous phenological information covering the entire European continent is not yet available for the last decade. Several LSP studies that used other satellite sensors such as MODIS or SPOT (Satellite Pour l'Observation de la Terre) VGT (Vegetation) exist at a spatial resolution equal to or finer than 1 km for different regions of Europe (see Table 1), such as: Fennoscandia [22], Ireland [23], Boreal Eurasia [24], and Western Europe [25]. However, at this spatial resolution, studies at a continental level are scarce [26], especially when focused on the last decade [25,27], and none of them address the characterisation of different types of vegetation in different biogeographic regions.…”

Human-induced grassland degradation/restoration in the central Tibetan Plateau: The effects of ecological protection and restoration projects

“…These datasets have been calibrated for ozone, aerosols and water vapor (Rahman and Dedieu, 1994) and widely used to characterize the vegetation dynamics (Delbart et al, 2008;Xiao et al, 2002), land cover change (Bartholome and Belward, 2005), and model the productivity (Lu et al, 2009;Maselli et al, 2007) at regional and global scales. To depict the biomass development of grasslands, the study focuses on the maximum NDVI during the growing season (hereafter referred to as NDVI max ).…”