2006
DOI: 10.1007/1-4020-4629-4
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Sprites, Elves and Intense Lightning Discharges

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Cited by 75 publications
(5 citation statements)
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References 220 publications
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“…Streamers are low-temperature filamentary plasmas. They are precursors to lightning, arcs, and sparks, and exist naturally in the upper atmosphere as sprite discharges [1]. They are used in diverse fields such as gas sterilisation [2,3], CO 2 conversion [4], aerodynamic flow control [5][6][7], and plasma catalysis [8][9][10].…”
Section: Streamersmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Streamers are low-temperature filamentary plasmas. They are precursors to lightning, arcs, and sparks, and exist naturally in the upper atmosphere as sprite discharges [1]. They are used in diverse fields such as gas sterilisation [2,3], CO 2 conversion [4], aerodynamic flow control [5][6][7], and plasma catalysis [8][9][10].…”
Section: Streamersmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A bene cial side-effect of the splitting in ( 13) is the semi-implicit coupling to the plasma chemistry terms since the chemistry step (15) does not generate space charge and E (ψ) = E n k+1 . Our empirical experience indicates that splitting the transport and chemistry leads to favorable stability properties, also for cases that are not investigated here (such as propagation of streamers along dielectrics).…”
Section: Numerical Discretizationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Streamers that propagate with the electric eld are called positive streamers and the ones that propagate against the electric eld are called negative streamers. Streamers are the natural precursor of lightning and sparks, are used in a variety of industrial applications [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14], and also exist naturally as sprite discharges in the upper atmosphere [15]. They usually do not appear in isolation but evolve inherently as three-dimensional structures that often branch or form irregular tree structures [16][17][18][19].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Each receiver continuously records electric field strengths between ~4 Hz and ~400 kHz with a sampling frequency of 1 MHz [Füllekrug, 2010]. This radio receiver was originally designed for sprite and lightning research [e.g., Füllekrug et al, 2006Füllekrug et al, , 2013aFüllekrug et al, , 2014Mezentsev and Füllekrug, 2013;Soula et al, 2014]. The timing accuracy of the GPS clock is ~20 ns and enables the array to locate lightning sources and to study the recorded radio signals with high temporal resolution.…”
Section: Long-baseline Low-frequency Radio Receiver Arraymentioning
confidence: 99%