Sputnik V protection from COVID-19 in people living with HIV under antiretroviral therapy

Gushchin, Vladimir A.; Tsyganova, E. V.; Ogarkova, Darya A.; Adgamov, Ruslan R.; Shcheblyakov, Dmitry V.; Glukhoedova, Nataliia V.; Zhilenkova, Aleksandra; Kolotii, Alexey G.; Zaitsev, Roman D.; Logunov, Denis Y.; Gintsburg, Alexander L.; Мазус, А. И.

doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101360

Cited by 18 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…The proportion of vaccinated and non-immune individuals in the population of Moscow was calculated to analyse the epidemiological efficacy of vaccinations (Table 5, Figure 3). Thus, even though the effectiveness of vaccinations against hospitalization decreased in comparison to the time when other strains were predominant [1,[16][17][18][19][20][21], according to our data, it remained at the level of 85.9% (95% CI 83.0-88.0%) for vaccinated patients with at least one component (Table 5). For those who were vaccinated with at least two doses, the epidemiological efficacy rose to 87.6% (95% CI 85.4-89.5%), whereas for those vaccinated with 3 or 4 components (re-vaccination with Sputnik Light or Sputnik V after Sputnik V), it was 97.0% (95% CI 95.9-97.8%).…”

Section: Effectiveness Of Vaccination With Sputnik Drugssupporting

confidence: 47%

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Sputnik V Effectiveness against Hospitalization with COVID-19 during Omicron Dominance

et al. 2022

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Mass vaccination campaigns against COVID-19 affected more than 90% of the population in most developed countries. The new epidemiologic wave of COVID-19 has been ongoing since the end of 2021. It is caused by a virus variant B.1.1.529, also known as “Omicron” and its descendants. The effectiveness of major vaccines against Omicron is not known. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the Sputnik V vaccine. The main goal is to assess its protection against hospitalization in the period of Omicron dominance. We conducted our study based on a large clinical center in Moscow (Russia) where 1112 patients were included. We used the case-population method to perform the calculations. The data we obtained indicate that the Omicron variant causes at least 90% of infections in the studied cohort. The effectiveness of protection against hospitalization with COVID-19 in our study was 85.9% (95% CI 83.0–88.0%) for those who received more than one dose. It was 87.6% (95% CI 85.4–89.5%) and 97.0% (95% CI 95.9–97.8%) for those who received more than two or three doses. The effectiveness in cases of more severe forms was higher than for less severe ones. Thus, present study indicates the high protective efficacy of vaccination against hospitalization with COVID-19 in case of Omicron lineage.

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Section: Effectiveness Of Vaccination With Sputnik Drugssupporting

confidence: 47%

“…In a cohort of people living with HIV (PLWH), Sputnik V effectiveness varied. It depended not only on the dominant SARS-CoV-2 variant, but also on the level of CD4+ cells [21]. The effectiveness of Sputnik V among PLWH with CD4 ≥ 350 cells/mL was 81.17% (95% CI 49.13-93.03%) against the original strain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Sputnik V Effectiveness against Hospitalization with COVID-19 during Omicron Dominance

et al. 2022

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“…These studies may also be prone to confounding bias due to healthcare seeking behavior. In a retrospective cohort study among people with HIVon antiretroviral therapy in Russia from January to July 2021, VE of the Sputnik V viral vector vaccine was 79% (95% CI ¼ 70-81%) against any COVID-19 infection and 90% (95% CI not reported) against hospitalization [31]. That study found slightly lower VE in participants with low CD4 counts (<350 cells/ml) but differences were not statistically significant [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine effectiveness among a population-based cohort of people living with HIV

Chambers

Samji

Cooper

et al. 2022

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Objective:People with HIV were underrepresented in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine clinical trials. We estimated vaccine effectiveness (VE) against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection for the BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, and ChAdOx1 vaccines among a population-based cohort of people with HIV in Ontario, Canada.Design:Test-negative designMethods:We identified people with HIV aged ≥19 years who were tested for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR between December 14, 2020 (first availability of COVID-19 vaccines) and November 21, 2021 (pre-Omicron circulation). Outcomes included any infection, symptomatic infection, and COVID-19-related hospitalization/death. We compared the odds of vaccination between test-positive cases and test-negative controls using multivariable logistic regression with adjustment for age, sex, region, calendar time, SARS-CoV-2 test histories, influenza vaccination, comorbidities, and neighborhood-level socio-economic status. VE was derived as (1 – adjusted odds ratio) × 100%.Results:Among 21 023 adults living with HIV, there were 801 (8.3%) test-positive cases and 8,879 (91.7%) test-negative controls. 20.1% cases and 47.8% of controls received ≥1 COVID-19 vaccine dose; among two-dose recipients, 93.4% received ≥1 mRNA dose. Two-dose VE ≥7 days before specimen collection was 82% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 74–87%) against any infection, 94% (95% CI = 82–98%) against symptomatic infection, and 97% (95% CI = 85–100%) against hospitalization/death. Against any infection, VE declined from 86% (95% CI = 77–92%) within 7–59 days after the second dose to 66% (95% CI = −15–90%) after ≥180 days; we did not observe evidence of waning protection for other outcomes.Conclusion:Two doses of COVID-19 vaccine offered substantial protection against symptomatic illness and hospitalization/death in people with HIV prior to the emergence of the Omicron variant. Our findings do not support a broad conclusion that COVID-19 VE is lower among people with HIV in populations that, for the most part, are attending HIV care, taking antiretroviral medication, and are virally suppressed.

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“…It is not subject to copyright under 17 USC 105 and is also made available expected to work well in this high-risk population (36). The Ad26.COV2.S vaccine has been demonstrated to reduce hospitalizations and deaths among PLHIV in South Africa (11), and in Russia, the Gam-COVID-VAC vaccines was shown to be effective in PLHIV, especially for severe disease (37).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on immunological studies, vaccines are expected to work well in this high-risk population (36). The Ad26.COV2.S vaccine has been demonstrated to reduce hospitalizations and deaths among PLHIV in South Africa (11), and in Russia, the Gam-COVID-VAC vaccines was shown to be effective in PLHIV, especially for severe disease (37). Although COVID-19 vaccination among PLHIV appeared to be effective against progression to in-hospital mortality in this study, the effect was not statistically significant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against progression to in-hospital mortality — Zambia, 2021-2022

Chanda

Hines

Itoh

et al. 2022

Preprint

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BackgroundCOVID-19 vaccines are highly effective for reducing severe disease and mortality. However, vaccine effectiveness data is limited from sub-Saharan Africa, where SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology has differed from other regions. We report COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against progression to in-hospital mortality in Zambia.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study among admitted patients at eight COVID-19 treatment centers across Zambia during April 2021 through March 2022. Patient demographic and clinical information including vaccination status and hospitalization outcome (discharged or died) werecollected. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the odds of in-hospital mortality by vaccination status, adjusted for age, sex, number of comorbid conditions, disease severity, and COVID-19 treatment center. Vaccine effectiveness of ≥1 vaccine dose was calculated from the adjusted odds ratio.ResultsAmong 1,653 patients with data on their vaccination status and hospitalization outcome, 365 (22.1%) died. Overall, 236 (14.3%) patients had received ≥1 vaccine dose before hospital admission. For patients who had received ≥1 vaccine dose, 22 (9.3%) died compared with 343 (24.2%) among unvaccinated patients (p <0.01). The median time since receipt of a first vaccine dose was 52.5 days (IQR: 28-107). Vaccine effectiveness for progression to in-hospital mortality among hospitalized patients was 64.8% (95% CI: 42.3-79.4%).ConclusionsAmong patients admitted to COVID-19 treatment centers in Zambia, COVID-19 vaccination was associated with lower progression to in-hospital mortality. These data are consistent with evidence from other countries demonstrating benefit of COVID-19 vaccination against severe complications. Vaccination is a critical tool for reducing the consequences of COVID-19 in Zambia.Key points-Receipt of ≥1 COVID-19 vaccine dose reduced progression to in-hospital mortality in Zambia by 64.8%-Mortality benefit of COVID-19 vaccines was sustained during the period of omicron transmission in Zambia

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Sputnik V protection from COVID-19 in people living with HIV under antiretroviral therapy

Cited by 18 publications

References 19 publications

Sputnik V Effectiveness against Hospitalization with COVID-19 during Omicron Dominance

Sputnik V Effectiveness against Hospitalization with COVID-19 during Omicron Dominance

Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine effectiveness among a population-based cohort of people living with HIV

COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against progression to in-hospital mortality — Zambia, 2021-2022

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