“…Nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals are critical functional materials in advanced solid-state laser technology. They can expand the wavelength range of coherent light sources based on their optical frequency conversion functions, including second-harmonic generation (SHG), optical parametric amplification (OPA), etc. − Inspired by their practical applications, exploring new NLO materials has aroused scientists’ intense interest. − Due to the intrinsic structure features of the IO 3 /IO 4 building units with asymmetric pyramidal coordination geometries and the stereochemically active lone pair electrons, metal iodates represent an attractive class of inorganic compounds as potential NLO crystal material. − As early as the 1970s, the simple ternary iodate α-LiIO 3 was studied as a well-known NLO crystal. − Large crystals of LiIO 3 have been successfully grown using the low-temperature solution method and have even achieved practical application as a commercial NLO crystal. − Since the beginning of the 21st century, metal iodates have regained wide attention, and many new metal iodates with excellent NLO properties have been discovered over the past two decades. ,− Based on the design strategy of combining d 0 transition metal (TM) ions (Ti 4+ , V 5+ , Nb 5+ , Mo 6+ , etc.) with IO 3 anionic groups, a large number of novel quaternary iodates with strong SHG effects have been discovered, such as Li 2 Ti(IO 3 ) 6 (500 × α-SiO 2 ), Zn 2 (VO 4 )(IO 3 ) (6 × KDP; KDP is the abbreviation of KH 2 PO 4 ), BaNbO(IO 3 ) 5 (14 × KDP), Ba 2 [MoO 3 (OH)(IO 3 ) 2 ]IO 3 (8 × KDP), etc.…”