St. Augustinegrass Rooting following Preemergence Herbicide Application

McCarty, Lambert B.; Porter, D. Wayne; Colvin, Daniel L.; Shilling, Donn G.; Hall, David W.

doi:10.21273/jashs.120.3.374

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…dithiopyr can limit the root development of St. Augustinegrass plugs, thereby decreasing their ability to absorb water and nutrients (McCarty et al, 1995b). Results presented here, and those of others, suggest that prodiamine, pendimethalin, and dithiopyr, even when applied at labeled rates, can negatively impact St. Augustinegrass establishment from plugs.…”

Section: T a B L Esupporting

confidence: 55%

“…Prodiamine, pendimethalin, and dithiopyr target microtubule assembly thus inhibiting root elongation (Appleby & Valverde, 1989; Armbruster et al., 1991). The application of prodiamine, pendimethalin, and dithiopyr can limit the root development of St. Augustinegrass plugs, thereby decreasing their ability to absorb water and nutrients (McCarty et al., 1995b). Results presented here, and those of others, suggest that prodiamine, pendimethalin, and dithiopyr, even when applied at labeled rates, can negatively impact St. Augustinegrass establishment from plugs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oxadiazon is a common active ingredient used in St. Augustinegrass sod production for preemergence control of annual weeds (Grichar & Havlak, 2009; McCarty et al., 1995b). Granular oxadiazon increased time to reach 50% St. Augustinegrass cover in 2019 but not in 2020 (Table 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preemergence herbicide effects on St. Augustinegrass establishment

et al. 2023

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St. Augustinegrass [Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze] is one of the most common turfgrass lawn species of warm-season climates. Like many turfgrasses, it is produced as sod. Weed control during sod production is problematic, due in part to intolerance of St. Augustinegrass to a range of useful turfgrass herbicides, and because the open canopy and growth-conducive conditions of sod production favor certain difficult-to-control weeds. Although those weeds are best preventatively controlled using preemergence herbicides, many preemergence herbicides also adversely affect vegetative propagation of turfgrasses. Field research was conducted at the Mississippi State University, near Starkville, Mississippi, USA, to evaluate the effects of dithiopyr, pendimethalin, prodiamine, liquid-and granular-applied oxadiazon, atrazine, S-metolachlor, atrazine + S-metolachlor, and indaziflam on St.Augustinegrass establishment from plugs. Plots (2.25 m 2 ) were planted with 10 plugs (225 cm 2 apiece), and preemergence herbicides were applied at standard use rates 1 day after planting. Visual estimates of percentage cover were collected weekly, and aerial imagery was collected weekly to biweekly. Visual cover and vegetation index data were regressed to estimate days to reach 50% maximum nontreated response. Liquid-applied oxadiazon and atrazine were the only treatments that did not increase days to reach 50% cover in both replication years. Dithiopyr, prodiamine, S-metolachlor, and indaziflam increased days to reach 50% cover in both replication years. The normalized difference vegetation index, ratio vegetation index, and chlorophyll index-red edge derived from an aerial sensor, detected similar, but fewer, treatment differences compared to estimated visual cover. INTRODUCTIONSt. Augustinegrass [Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze] is a commonly grown lawn grass in the southeastern Abbreviations: CIRE, chlorophyll index-red edge; NDVI, normalized difference vegetation index; RVI, ratio vegetation index.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Section: T a B L Esupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preemergence herbicide effects on St. Augustinegrass establishment

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“…Taylor et al (2004) reported carfentrazone treatments caused acceptable injury to actively growing St. Augustinegrass on all dates evaluated. McCarty et al (1995) noted St. Augustinegrass sod root biomass was not inhibited when planted in soil treated with oxadiazon at 1.7 and 3.4 kg ha À1 . St. Augustinegrass appears sensitive to flumioxazin during active growth, but applications at , 25% green cover may have potential safety.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Tolerance of Five Warm-Season Turfgrass Species to Flumioxazin

Reed¹,

McCullough²

2014

Weed technol.

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Flumioxazin provides PRE and POST, annual weed control in dormant bermudagrass, but applications during active growth may be injurious. Flumioxazin could also provide an alternative chemistry for POST annual bluegrass control in other turfgrasses, but research is limited on tolerance levels. The objective of this research was to evaluate tolerance of five warm-season turfgrasses to flumioxazin applied at various rates and timings. Late-winter applications of flumioxazin at 0.21, 0.42, or 0.84 kg ai ha−1caused acceptable (< 20%) injury to bermudagrass, seashore paspalum, St. Augustinegrass, and zoysiagrass at 3, 6, and 9 wk after treatment (WAT) in both years. In 2012, late-winter applications to centipedegrass caused unacceptable injury at 6 WAT, but turf recovered to acceptable levels by 9 WAT at all rates. Applications made during active turfgrass growth caused unacceptable initial injury to all species. However, bermudagrass, seashore paspalum, St. Augustinegrass, and zoysiagrass recovered to < 20% injury by 9 WAT from all rates. In 2012, centipedegrass treated in midspring had 0, 24, and 74% injury from flumioxazin at 0.21, 0.42, and 0.84 kg ha−1, respectively, at 9 WAT. In 2013, midspring applications to centipedegrass caused 13, 48, and 71% injury from 0.21, 0.42, and 0.84 kg ha−1, respectively at 9 WAT. Overall, flumioxazin has the potential to control annual weeds in bermudagrass, seashore paspalum, St. Augustinegrass, and zoysiagrass with late-winter applications before greenup, but all turfgrasses may be excessively injured during active growth.

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