“…Within the TWC, the wavelengths of optical packets are changed on a packet-by-packet basis, thus the lasing wavelength of the tunable laser should be tuned within several nanoseconds. So far, several types of tunable lasers have been demonstrated, including the sampled-grating/super-structure-grating distributed-Braggreflector (SG/SSG DBR) lasers [11], [12], digital supermode (DS) DBR lasers [13], modulated grating Y-branch (MGY) lasers [14], and grating coupler with rear sampled grating reflector (GCSR) lasers [15]. These lasers have a common tuning mechanism based on the free-carrier plasma effect produced by current injection, which changes the refractive indices of the tuning sections.…”