Stabilization of clayey soil using ultrafine palm oil fuel ash (POFA) and cement

Pourakbar, Shahram; Asadi, Afshin; Huat, Bujang B. K.; Fasihnikoutalab, Mohammad Hamed

doi:10.1016/j.trgeo.2015.01.002

Cited by 145 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The pozzolanic materials in POFA, along with the high pH value, facilitated the high UCS by boosting the chemical activation of HCFA, resulting in the formation of extra cementitious products (C-S-H). Pourakbar et al (2015) reported a similar improvement in the UCS of soil by using 10% binder of a binary mixture containing cement 80:20 POFA. The soil treated with BB2, which contained 25% RHA in the total binder, showed compressive strengths slightly lower than those obtained from the soil treated with BB1 (Fig.…”

Section: Unconfined Compressive Strength (Ucs)mentioning

confidence: 73%

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Development of a new ternary blended cementitious binder produced from waste materials for use in soft soil stabilisation

Jafer

Atherton

Sadique

et al. 2018

Journal of Cleaner Production

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Soil stabilisation using traditional binders such as Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), has a serious negative environmental impact, specifically carbon dioxide (CO 2) emissions as a result of the manufacture of OPC. Because of this, the use of sustainable binders has become a critical issue to help reduce cement production through the use of by-product materials. This research seeks to develop a new ternary blended cementitious binder (TBCB) to replace cement for soft soil stabilisation. Different ternary mixtures containing wastes i.e., high calcium fly ash (HCFA), palm oil fuel ash (POFA) and rice husk ash (RHA) along with flue gas desulphurisation (FGD) gypsum used as a sulphate activator and grinding agent, were examined. The results illustrate that ternary mixtures improved the engineering and mechanical properties of stabilised soil. The results indicated that the plasticity index (PI) was reduced ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT from 20.2 to 13.0 and the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) increased after 28 days of curing from 202kPa to 944kPa using the optimum non-FGD activated mixture. FGD contributed significantly by increasing the UCS to 1464kPa at 180 days of curing, which surpassed that for the reference cement (1450kPa), and by improving the soil consistency limits; where the PI decreased to 11.7 using TBCB compared with 14.5 for the soil treated with the reference cement. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed substantial changes in the diffraction patterns and microstructure components of the TBCB paste over the curing period, confirming the formation of cementitious products. A solid, coherent and compacted structure was achieved after treatment with TBCB as evidenced by the formation of C-S-H, CH and ettringite.

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Section: Unconfined Compressive Strength (Ucs)mentioning

confidence: 73%

“…In the field of soft soil stabilisation, POFA has been used as a cement replacement in order to improve the Atterberg limits and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) (Pourakbar et al, 2015). Ground POFA was used in two different particle sizes (30µm and 12µm) by Mujah et al (2015) for soil improvement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a new ternary blended cementitious binder produced from waste materials for use in soft soil stabilisation

Jafer

Atherton

Sadique

et al. 2018

Journal of Cleaner Production

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“…After drying the POFA in an oven for 24 h, at 105°C, the In the next step, in order to remove any unburned carbon, the ground POFA was heated at 440°C in an electric furnace, for about 1 h. After the pre-treatment procedure, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry was used for elemental analysis ( Table 2). The same pre-treatment process has recently been adopted by other researchers [26][27][28][29][30], whom reported the method to be effective in terms of increasing the specific surface and consequently, the reactivity of the POFA.…”

Section: Experimental Investigation Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model Study of Alkali-Activated Waste Binder for Soil Stabilization

Pourakbar

Huat

Asadi

et al. 2016

Int. J. of Geosynth. and Ground Eng.

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This study assesses the laboratory investigation to evaluate the feasibility of using alkaline activation technique for engineering improvement of soils. The originality of this paper stems from the novel two-stage approach. The first stage investigates the effectiveness of locally available precursor in the alkaline activation process by focusing on soil strength improvement. As such, in presence of high alkali solutes (Na-based and Ka-based alkaline activators), palm oil fuel ash (POFA) was used as a precursor due to its amorphous nature and high silica-toalumina ratio. In the second stage of this study, geotechnical model procedure of interaction between a strip footing model and stabilized soil by column technique and the most effective percentage of POFA was performed. According to the test results, applying alkaline activators to soil induced low strengths of up to 159 kPa after 7 days curing. When the POFA content used in alkaline activation increased from 0 to 15%, the UCS values increased up to 226% after similar curing duration. This assertion reflects the fact that the addition of POFA enriched the reactive Si and Al in the matrix, which allowed stronger Si-O-Si and Al-O-Si bonds to form. Curing condition, type and quantity of the alkaline activators were also shown to have significant strengthening effects on the treated soil. In this respect, the use of moderate 10 M NaOH and 10 M KOH were found to be viable as the best concentration for strength improvement of investigated soil when economy and practicality were considered. In terms of using alkali-activators, the use of the NaOH for soil treatment is beneficial in terms of lower cost, since the price of KOH solution is higher than that of the NaOH solution. Results of the second phase showed that a considerable settlement reduction up to 192% of treated columns by means of alkaline activation could be achieved.

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“…Both man-made and periodic environmental factors work to trigger intrinsic mineral properties of expansive soil, with a resulting increase or decrease in the soil's volume (Nelson and Miller 1992). These soils are very problematic and almost impossible to compact during construction unless they are treated with cement or a combination of cement and other cementitious by-product materials (Abbey et al 2015(Abbey et al , 2016(Abbey et al , 2017(Abbey et al , 2018Rahgozar et al 2018;Ta'negonbadi and Noorzad 2017;Pourakbar et al 2015). Soil stabilisation involves the improvement of the engineering properties of weak soils mechanically, physically or by mixing with binders to achieve some predetermined objectives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swell and microstructural characteristics of high-plasticity clay blended with cement

Abbey

Eyo

Ngambi

2019

Bull Eng Geol Environ

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This study presents the effect of high plasticity on swell potential, swelling pressure and micro-structural characteristics of kaolinite-bentonite mixed clays. Five different mix ratios of kaolinite bentonite mixture of 100:0, 90:10, 75:25, 50:50 and 25:75 in % by weight of dry kaolinite were used. All five synthesised soils were then mixed with 0%, 5% and 8% of cement by weight of dry soil, cured for 28 days and subjected to the Atterberg limit, one-dimensional oedometer and scanning electron microscope test. The inclusion of 5% and 8% cement reduces the plasticity index of the treated soils as the percentage of bentonite increases. The effects on plasticity of treatment with 5% and 8% cement after a 28-day curing period was evaluated, and the results show that reduction in plasticity index resulted in decreased swell potential and swelling pressure of the kaolinitebentonite mixed clays. The results of microstructural analysis of 5% cement-treated soils show formation of flocculated fabric and cementation of soil particles, and filling with cementitious compounds of the voids of flocculated fabric in the soil. The reduction in swell can be attributed to the resulting compacted and dense mass of treated soils due to cementation of soil particles and cation exchange. The complex swell behaviour of high-plasticity kaolinite-bentonite mix is explained using the onedimensional oedometer test, by further experimental study and examination of the microstructure of treated soils.

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Stabilization of clayey soil using ultrafine palm oil fuel ash (POFA) and cement

Cited by 145 publications

References 25 publications

Development of a new ternary blended cementitious binder produced from waste materials for use in soft soil stabilisation

Development of a new ternary blended cementitious binder produced from waste materials for use in soft soil stabilisation

Model Study of Alkali-Activated Waste Binder for Soil Stabilization

Swell and microstructural characteristics of high-plasticity clay blended with cement

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