“…As it is difficult to visualize the now four-dimensional objective space, we concentrate on the subspace of optimal charge, energy spread and stability. We observe a clear trade-off between charge and energy spread, an effect that has been observed in various papers related to beamloading [25][26][27]. Additionally, we can observe that there is often a choice between more stable settings with lower performance and less stable settings with higher performance.…”
“…As it is difficult to visualize the now four-dimensional objective space, we concentrate on the subspace of optimal charge, energy spread and stability. We observe a clear trade-off between charge and energy spread, an effect that has been observed in various papers related to beamloading [25][26][27]. Additionally, we can observe that there is often a choice between more stable settings with lower performance and less stable settings with higher performance.…”
“…Although the object detector so far has only been applied to offline data, the fast inference speed of the algorithm will make an integration into Tango possible. It would allow live analysis during an experiment of thousands of laser shots where the objects can have different positions on the diagnostics.Figure 10 Machine learning application in few-cycle probing in a hybrid [ 21 ] laser–plasma accelerator. The objects to be detected in the shadowgram are the plasma wave, the shock and the diffraction patterns from dust particles.…”
Section: Data Acquisition and Processing Pipeline At The Centre For A...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Machine learning application in few-cycle probing in a hybrid [ 21 ] laser–plasma accelerator. The objects to be detected in the shadowgram are the plasma wave, the shock and the diffraction patterns from dust particles.…”
Section: Data Acquisition and Processing Pipeline At The Centre For A...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The Tango system facilitates such an optimization by providing online information of the laser and experiment systems, which is then used by Figure 10. Machine learning application in few-cycle probing in a hybrid [21] laser-plasma accelerator. The objects to be detected in the shadowgram are the plasma wave, the shock and the diffraction patterns from dust particles.…”
Section: Data Acquisition and Processing Pipeline At The Centre For A...mentioning
The Centre for Advanced Laser Applications (CALA) in Garching, Germany, is home to the ATLAS-3000 multi-petawatt laser, dedicated to research on laser particle acceleration and its applications. A control system based on Tango Controls is implemented for both the laser and four experimental areas. The device server approach features high modularity, which, in addition to the hardware control, enables a quick extension of the system and allows for automated data acquisition of the laser parameters and experimental data for each laser shot. In this paper we present an overview of our implementation of the control system, as well as our advances in terms of experimental operation, online supervision and data processing. We also give an outlook on advanced experimental supervision and online data evaluation -where the data can be processed in a pipeline -which is being developed on the basis of this infrastructure.
“…However, the overall linac-driven PWFA system is then similarly large as the linac. PWFA can be driven by electron beams with much larger energy spread and emittance than what is required for FELs 34 , and hence can also be powered by electron beams from LWFA 35 – 39 . This hybrid LWFA → PWFA is a much more recent approach than linac-driven PWFA, and the stability of electron beams from LWFA is not yet competitive with electron beam stability from linacs.…”
Electron beam quality is paramount for X-ray pulse production in free-electron-lasers (FELs). State-of-the-art linear accelerators (linacs) can deliver multi-GeV electron beams with sufficient quality for hard X-ray-FELs, albeit requiring km-scale setups, whereas plasma-based accelerators can produce multi-GeV electron beams on metre-scale distances, and begin to reach beam qualities sufficient for EUV FELs. Here we show, that electron beams from plasma photocathodes many orders of magnitude brighter than state-of-the-art can be generated in plasma wakefield accelerators (PWFAs), and then extracted, captured, transported and injected into undulators without significant quality loss. These ultrabright, sub-femtosecond electron beams can drive hard X-FELs near the cold beam limit to generate coherent X-ray pulses of attosecond-Angstrom class, reaching saturation after only 10 metres of undulator. This plasma-X-FEL opens pathways for advanced photon science capabilities, such as unperturbed observation of electronic motion inside atoms at their natural time and length scale, and towards higher photon energies.
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