Stable field emission from cone-shaped SnO2 nanorod arrays

Ma, L.A.; Guo, Tai L.

doi:10.1016/j.physb.2008.04.044

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…The 1D metal oxide nanostructures have very sharp‐tip features at the ends. At the present time, many types of 1D metal oxide nanostructures have been used for field emission, including ZnO,71, 246, 247, 249, 326, 327 V 2 O 5 ,328, 329 WO 3 ,123 WO 2.9 ,330 WO 2 ,330 TiO 2 ,331, 332 SnO 2 ,276, 333, 334 MoO 3 ,335, 336 and MoO 2 337. Here, we introduce three significant examples330, 338, 339 demonstrating the field emission of 1D metal oxide nanostructures.…”

Section: Various 1d Metal‐oxide Nanostructure‐based Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

One‐Dimensional Metal‐Oxide Nanostructures: Recent Developments in Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications

Devan

Patil

Lin

et al. 2012

Adv Funct Materials

750

396

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1D metal-oxide nanostructures have attracted much attention because metal oxides are the most fascinating functional materials. The 1D morphologies can easily enhance the unique properties of the metal-oxide nanostructures, which make them suitable for a wide variety of applications, including gas sensors, electrochromic devices, light-emitting diodes, fi eld emitters, supercapacitors, nanoelectronics, and nanogenerators. Therefore, much effort has been made to synthesize and characterize 1D metal-oxide nanostructures in the forms of nanorods, nanowires, nanotubes, nanobelts, etc. Various physical and chemical deposition techniques and growth mechanisms are exploited and developed to control the morphology, identical shape, uniform size, perfect crystalline structure, defects, and homogenous stoichiometry of the 1D metal-oxide nanostructures. Here a comprehensive review of recent developments in novel synthesis, exceptional characteristics, and prominent applications of one-dimensional nanostructures of tungsten oxides, molybdenum oxides, tantalum oxides, vanadium oxides, niobium oxides, titanium oxides, nickel oxides, zinc oxides, bismuth oxides, and tin oxides is provided. FEATURE ARTICLEpoint lower but the resistivity higher, so the thermal and chemical stability of the 1D metal-oxide nanostructures may be weakened. In other words, overheating caused by the passage of high currents through the nanodevices or nanoelectronics can easily burn the 1D metal-oxide nanostructures causing them to break. Ideally the 1D metal-oxide nanostructures used for the nanodevices or nanoelectronics are expected to be identical in shape, uniform in size, perfect in crystalline structure, and easy in taking apart, and have no morphological defects and a consistent chemical composition. However, control of the morphology, shape, size, crystalline structure, and chemical composition of the 1D metal-oxide nanostructures remains a challenge in the development of 1D controllable synthesis methods.A number of physical and chemical methods have been use to achieve the goals of identical shape, uniform size, perfect crystals, no defects, and homogenous stoichiometry in the synthesis of ideal 1D metal-oxide nanostructures. In Section 2, we introduce some of the synthesis techniques for the production of various 1D metal-oxide nanostructures, covering the theoretical and experimental aspects of recent developments, such as 1D nanostructure design, processing, modeling, and fabrication. In Section 3, we present several growth mechanisms for the growth of 1D metal-oxide nanostructures. Since such 1D nanostructures possess a highly anisotropic morphology, they preferentially grow along one particular crystalline direction to form the 1D morphology. This anisotropic growth is strongly dominated by internal and external stresses, such as easy-growth lattice-planes and template confi nement, respectively. In Section 4, we provide a comprehensive review of a variety of 1D metal-oxide nanostructures, including tungsten oxides, molybdenum oxides, ta...

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Section: Various 1d Metal‐oxide Nanostructure‐based Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

One‐Dimensional Metal‐Oxide Nanostructures: Recent Developments in Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications

Devan

Patil

Lin

et al. 2012

Adv Funct Materials

750

396

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition to that, aligned SnO 2 nanowire arrays, due to their good electrical conductivity, have been considered for field emission applications. Entangled In 2 O 3 nanowires, 334 cone shaped nanorods 335 or even nanobelt structures 336 were also used for this purpose. Turn on fields in cold cathode field emission for In 2 O 3 nanowires were 2 to 3 V mm À1 with a couple of hours stable emission currents with minimal fluctuations.…”

Section: Ordered 1d Tin Oxide Nanostructuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This behaviour is well comparable to values reported for aligned CNT arrays. 335,336 The occurrence of oxygen deficient sites makes In 2 O 3 nanowires an important gas sensing oxide known. Alike In 2 O 3 , SnO 2 displays a good sensitivity against NO x , CO, H 2 , or H 2 S gases as well as vapours of alcohols.…”

Section: Ordered 1d Tin Oxide Nanostructuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assembly of one dimensional inorganic nanostructures into functional 2D and 3D architectures. Synthesis, arrangement and functionality

2012

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This review will focus on the synthesis, arrangement, structural assembly, for current and future applications, of 1D nanomaterials (tubes, wires, rods) in 2D and 3D ordered arrangements. The ability to synthesize and arrange one dimensional nanomaterials into ordered 2D or 3D micro or macro sized structures is of utmost importance in developing new devices and applications of these materials. Micro and macro sized architectures based on such 1D nanomaterials (e.g. tubes, wires, rods) provide a platform to integrate nanostructures at a larger and thus manageable scale into high performance electronic devices like field effect transistors, as chemo- and biosensors, catalysts, or in energy material applications. Carbon based, metal oxide and metal based 1D arranged materials as well as hybrid or composite 1D materials of the latter provide a broad materials platform, offering a perspective for new entries into fascinating structures and future applications of such assembled architectures. These architectures allow bridging the gap between 1D nanostructures and the micro and macro world and are the basis for an assembly of 1D materials into higher hierarchy domains. This critical review is intended to provide an interesting starting point to view the current state of the art and show perspectives for future developments in this field. The emphasis is on selected nanomaterials and the possibilities for building three dimensional arrays starting from one dimensional building blocks. Carbon nanotubes, metal oxide nanotubes and nanowires (e.g. ZnO, TiO(2), V(2)O(5), Cu(2)O, NiO, Fe(2)O(3)), silicon and germanium nanowires, and group III-V or II-VI based 1D semiconductor nanostructures like GaS and GaN, pure metals as well as 1D hybrid materials and their higher organized architectures (foremost in 3D) will be focussed. These materials have been the most intensively studied within the last 5-10 years with respect to nano-micro integration aspects and their functional and application oriented properties. The critical review should be interesting for a broader scientific community (chemists, physicists, material scientists) interested in synthetic and functional material aspects of 1D materials as well as their integration into next higher organized architectures.

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“…Previous studies on the FE properties of the SnO 2 nanostructures revealed that they had high threshold field and poor emission stability. [10][11][12] For example, the threshold field from beaklike SnO 2 nanorods was higher than 4.4 V mm À1 , and field enhancement factor of these structures was lower than 1500. 10 Therefore, the search of SnO 2 material possessing excellent field emission properties has recently received considerable attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%