Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 and Striated, Smooth, and Heart Muscle

Abstract

First, we review the definitively severed myotendinous junction and recovery by the cytoprotective stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 therapy, its healing that might combine both transected and detached tendon and transected muscle, ligament and bone injuries, applied alone, as native peptide therapy, effective in rat injury, given intraperitoneally or in drinking water or topically, at the site of injury. As a follow up, we reviewed that with the BPC 157 therapy, its cytoprotective ability to organize simultaneous healing of different tissues of and full recovery of the myotendinous junction might represent the particular muscle therapy against distinctive etiopathology muscle disabilities and weakness. In this, BPC 157 therapy might recover many of muscle disabilities (i.e., succinylcholine, vascular occlusion, spinal cord compression, stroke, traumatic brain injury, severe electrolyte disturbances, neurotoxins, neuroleptics, alcohol, serotonin syndrome and NO-system blockade and tumor-cachexia). These might provide practical realization of the multimodal muscle-axis impact able to react depending on the condition and the given agent(s) and the symptoms distinctively related to the prime injurious cause symptoms in the wide healing concept, the concept of cytoprotection, in particular. Further, the BPC 157 therapy might be the recovery for the disabled heart functioning, and disabled smooth muscle functioning (various sphincters function recovery). Finally, BPC 157, native and stable in human gastric juice, might be a prototype of anti-ulcer cytoprotective peptide for the muscle therapy with high curing potential (very safe profile (lethal dose not achieved), with suited wide effective range (µg-ng regimens) and ways of application).

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Reveals Molecular Changes in Blood Vessels of Rats Treated with Pentadecapeptide BPC 157

“…We focused on the cytoprotective stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ] effect on the rat aorta, which we assessed with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Recently, some particular stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 therapy effects have been especially reviewed, including prompt beneficial vascular effects; the particular activation of the collateral pathways to recover severe vessel and multiorgan failure occlusion/occlusion-like syndrome; the recovery of muscle disturbances; and striated, smooth, and heart failure recovery as a whole [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ].…”

“…We focused on the cytoprotective stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ] effect on the rat aorta, which we assessed with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Recently, some particular stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 therapy effects have been especially reviewed, including prompt beneficial vascular effects; the particular activation of the collateral pathways to recover severe vessel and multiorgan failure occlusion/occlusion-like syndrome; the recovery of muscle disturbances; and striated, smooth, and heart failure recovery as a whole [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. In addition, BPC 157 might particularly interact with nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin systems [ 5 , 6 ], maintain thrombocyte function [ 7 , 8 , 9 ], act as a membrane stabilizer (counteracting leaky gut) [ 10 ], and act as a free radical scavenger, particularly in vascular studies [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ].…”

“…Therefore, cytoprotective agents might have a pleiotropic beneficial effect, but standard cytoprotective agents still have considerable limitations in practical therapeutic applications [ 27 , 28 , 29 ]. Nevertheless, given that direct endothelium cell protection has been described to occur in the stomach within less than 30 s [ 28 , 29 ], the stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157, as peptide that is native to and stable in human gastric juice, seems to be fully inclined to innate cytoprotection function, the continuous maintenance of the stomach and gastrointestinal mucosa, and endothelium integrity [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. Therefore, as a novel cytoprotective mediator with high wound-healing capabilities [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 30 ], it provides greater pleiotropic cytoprotection beneficial potential and effects, which might be easily applicable in practical therapy [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ].…”

“…Nevertheless, given that direct endothelium cell protection has been described to occur in the stomach within less than 30 s [ 28 , 29 ], the stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157, as peptide that is native to and stable in human gastric juice, seems to be fully inclined to innate cytoprotection function, the continuous maintenance of the stomach and gastrointestinal mucosa, and endothelium integrity [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. Therefore, as a novel cytoprotective mediator with high wound-healing capabilities [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 30 ], it provides greater pleiotropic cytoprotection beneficial potential and effects, which might be easily applicable in practical therapy [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. There might be a particular way for the stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 and its effect, to accordingly combine together, the functionally improved Robert’s and Szabo’s original maxim endothelium maintenance → epithelium maintenance [ 27 , 28 , 29 ], and rapidly and functionally improved minor vessels.…”

“…There might be a particular way for the stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 and its effect, to accordingly combine together, the functionally improved Robert’s and Szabo’s original maxim endothelium maintenance → epithelium maintenance [ 27 , 28 , 29 ], and rapidly and functionally improved minor vessels. This might be to take over the function of disabled major vessels, reorganize blood flow, and compensate failed vessel function [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Illustratively, the azygos vein (superior–inferior caval vein shunt) could provide more direct blood flow delivery [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ].…”