Stage 2 Hypertension and Electrocardiogram Abnormality: Evaluating the Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Diseases in Nigeria

Chinedu, Shalom Nwodo; Iheagwam, Franklyn Nonso; Onuoha, Michael Kemjika; Joshua, Grace; Campos, Opeyemi Christianah De

doi:10.1007/s40292-022-00504-x

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Consequently, early detection of CVD indicators in diabetic patients is vital. Electrocardiogram (ECG) anomalies are prevalent among asymptomatic diabetic individuals, particularly those at an elevated risk for CVD, suggesting their potential relevance as early warning signs ( Siontis et al, 2021 ; Chinedu et al, 2022 ). International guidelines advocate for routine ECG screenings in diabetic patients with hypertension or suspected CVD ( Chinedu et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electrocardiogram (ECG) anomalies are prevalent among asymptomatic diabetic individuals, particularly those at an elevated risk for CVD, suggesting their potential relevance as early warning signs ( Siontis et al, 2021 ; Chinedu et al, 2022 ). International guidelines advocate for routine ECG screenings in diabetic patients with hypertension or suspected CVD ( Chinedu et al, 2022 ). Longitudinal research, primarily focused on the general population, has consistently demonstrated associations between baseline resting ECG abnormalities and CVD, ischemic heart disease, and overall mortality ( Elffers et al, 2018 ; Jonas et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of the index of cardiac electrophysiological balance on major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes complicated with coronary heart disease

Lin,

Zhou,

Wang

et al. 2023

PeerJ

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Purpose To investigate the prognostic value of the index of cardio-electrophysiological balance (ICEB) and its association with major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and cardiovascular death in diabetic patients complicated with coronary heart disease. Methods A total of 920 diabetic patients were enrolled in this longitudinal study. Participants were categorized into three groups based on their ICEB levels: normal ICEB, low ICEB, and high ICEB. The primary outcome was the occurrence of MACE, and secondary outcomes included cardiovascular death, coronary heart disease (CHD), heart failure (HF), and sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). Patients were followed for a median period of 3.26 years, and the associations between ICEB levels and various outcomes were evaluated. Results Over the follow-up period, 46 (5.0%) MACE were observed in the normal ICEB group, 57 (6.2%) in the low ICEB group, and 62 (6.8%) in the high ICEB group. Elevated ICEB levels were found to be associated with a higher risk of MACE and cardiovascular death. A significant relationship between ICEB levels and the risk of MACE was observed for both genders. The risk of MACE increased with each unit increment in the ICEB index. However, the two-stage linear regression model did not outperform the single-line linear regression models in determining the threshold effect. Conclusion This study demonstrates the potential utility of ICEB, derived from a standard non-invasive ECG, as a prognostic tool for predicting MACE and cardiovascular death in diabetic patients complicated with CVD. The associations between ICEB levels and the risk of MACE highlight the importance of understanding cardiac electrophysiological imbalances and their implications in CVD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%