Stage-specific heat effects: timing and duration of heat waves alter demographic rates of a global insect pest

Zhang, Wei; Rudolf, Volker H. W.; Ma, Chun‐Sen

doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3409-0

Cited by 80 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Specifically, the role of thermal effects during ontogeny should be explored in the future to gain a more complete understanding of the species`thermal ecology (e.g. Zhang et al ., 2015) [84]. For the time being, the use of diel temperature fluctuations can be clearly recommended.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Thermal Regimes, Starvation and Age on Heat Tolerance of the Parthenium Beetle Zygogramma bicolorata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) following Dynamic and Static Protocols

et al. 2017

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Temperature and resource availability are key elements known to limit the occurrence and survival of arthropods in the wild. In the current era of climate change, critical thermal limits and the factors affecting these may be of particular importance. We therefore investigated the critical thermal maxima (CTmax) of adult Zygogramma bicolorata beetles, a biological control agent for the invasive plant Parthenium hysterophorus, in relation to thermal acclimation, hardening, age, and food availability using static (constant) and dynamic (ramping) protocols. Increasing temperatures and exposure times reduced heat survival. In general, older age and lack of food reduced heat tolerance, suggesting an important impact of resource availability. Acclimation at constant temperatures did not affect CTmax, while fluctuating thermal conditions resulted in a substantial increase. Hardening at 33°C and 35°C improved heat survival in fed young and mid-aged but only partly in old beetles, while CTmax remained unaffected by hardening throughout. These findings stress the importance of methodology when assessing heat tolerance. Temperature data recorded in the field revealed that upper thermal limits are at least occasionally reached in nature. Our results therefore suggest that the occurrence of heat waves may influence the performance and survival of Z. bicolorata, potentially impacting on its field establishment and effectiveness as a biological control agent.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Thermal Regimes, Starvation and Age on Heat Tolerance of the Parthenium Beetle Zygogramma bicolorata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) following Dynamic and Static Protocols

et al. 2017

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“…The individuals showing the highest fecundity and fertility were those exposed to 45 °C not 43 °C, which had very short exposure times. The fact that the animals exposed to 47 °C showed a reduced reproductive performance in spite of a short exposure time is likely caused by reaching critical thermal limits even during short exposure at this extreme temperature (Zhang et al ., , ). However, the important conclusion from these results is that even beneficial plastic responses, enhancing immediate survival rates, may not necessarily increase fitness based on detrimental effects on subsequent reproduction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat resistance throughout ontogeny: body size constrains thermal tolerance

Klockmann

Günter

Fischer

2016

Global Change Biology

133

107

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Heat tolerance is a trait of paramount ecological importance and may determine a species' ability to cope with ongoing climate change. Although critical thermal limits have consequently received substantial attention in recent years, their potential variation throughout ontogeny remained largely neglected. We investigate whether such neglect may bias conclusions regarding a species' sensitivity to climate change. Using a tropical butterfly, we found that developmental stages clearly differed in heat tolerance. It was highest in pupae followed by larvae, adults and finally eggs and hatchlings. Strikingly, most of the variation found in thermal tolerance was explained by differences in body mass, which may thus impose a severe constraint on adaptive variation in stress tolerance. Furthermore, temperature acclimation was beneficial by increasing heat knock-down time and therefore immediate survival under heat stress, but it affected reproduction negatively. Extreme temperatures strongly reduced survival and subsequent reproductive success even in our highly plastic model organism, exemplifying the potentially dramatic impact of extreme weather events on biodiversity. We argue that predictions regarding a species' fate under changing environmental conditions should consider variation in thermal tolerance throughout ontogeny, variation in body mass and acclimation responses as important predictors of stress tolerance.

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“…Extreme hot events often occur multiple times during the life span of an organism (Supplementary material Appendix 1 Fig. A2) (Zhao et al 2014, Ma et al 2015b, Zhang et al 2015b). Thus, the effect of heat waves on organism should depend on the delicate balance of damage versus repair periods (Zhang et al 2015b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resolving biological impacts of multiple heat waves: interaction of hot and recovery days

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2018

Oikos

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Heat waves are increasing with global warming and have more dramatic biological effects on organisms in natural and agricultural ecosystems than mean temperature increase. However, predicting the impact of future heat waves on organisms and ecosystems is challenging because we still have a limited understanding of how the different components that characterize heat waves interact. Here we take an experimental approach to examine the individual and combine consequences of two important features that characterize heat waves: duration of successive hot days and recovery days between two hot spells. Specifically we exposed individuals of a global agricultural pest, the aphid Sitobion avenae to different heat wave scenarios by factorially manipulating the number of extreme hot days versus normal days and altered which period individuals experienced first in their life cycle. We found that effects of heat waves were driven by a delicate balance of damage during hot periods versus repair during normal periods. Increasing the duration of hot days in heat waves had a negative effect on various demographic rates and life‐time fitness of individuals, but magnitude of this effect was typically contingent on the temporal clustering of hot periods. Importantly, this interaction effect indicates that changes in the temporal distribution of extreme hot versus normal days can strongly alter the performance of organisms and dynamics of populations even when the total number of hot days during a given period remains unchanged. Together, these results emphasize the importance of accounting for the temporal distribution and quantitative patterns of extreme temperature events for predicting their consequences of natural and agricultural ecosystems.

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Stage-specific heat effects: timing and duration of heat waves alter demographic rates of a global insect pest

Cited by 80 publications

References 63 publications

Effects of Thermal Regimes, Starvation and Age on Heat Tolerance of the Parthenium Beetle Zygogramma bicolorata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) following Dynamic and Static Protocols

Effects of Thermal Regimes, Starvation and Age on Heat Tolerance of the Parthenium Beetle Zygogramma bicolorata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) following Dynamic and Static Protocols

Heat resistance throughout ontogeny: body size constrains thermal tolerance

Resolving biological impacts of multiple heat waves: interaction of hot and recovery days

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