Stand Structure and Maintenance of Picea jezoensis in a Northern Temperate Forest, South Korea

Jang, Woongsoon; Park, Pil Sun

doi:10.1007/s12374-010-9103-1

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…In addition, habitat distribution has been predicted by remote sensing [60]. In South Korea, studies on the seedlings of Abies koreana [61][62][63], Picea jezoensis [64,65], and Abies nephrolepis [66] have been conducted. Although several studies have been conducted on the ecological characteristics of subalpine conifer species in Japan [36,67,68] and China [69][70][71], there is a lack of studies in this regard in South Korea.…”

Section: Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Abies nephrolepis Seedlings in Relation to Environmental Factors in Seorak Mountain, South Korea

Kim¹,

Lim

Yun

2019

Forests

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We present novel evidence of environmental drivers of seedling density in Abies nephrolepis, an alpine and subalpine tree species. Continuous monitoring of natural conditions is required to understand forest ecosystem dynamics. We investigated Abies nephrolepis seedling dynamics in relation to biotic and abiotic factors. The survey, which included the measurement of trees and seedlings, was carried out from March to October in 2016 and 2018. Monitoring sites in the coniferous forests of Seorak Mountain were divided into 27 quadrats. We analyzed relationships using simple and multiple linear regression. The majority of Abies nephrolepis individuals had a diameter at breast height less than l0 cm, and the number of seedlings increased over the study period. This reflects survival and growth due to successive annual mast seeding events. Aspect direction (R2 = 0.201, p < 0.05), rock exposure (R2 = 0.364, p < 0.001), canopy openness (R2 = 0.322, p < 0.05), herbaceous cover (R2 = 0.268, p < 0.01), and basal area (R2 = 0.199, p < 0.05) show significant linear relationships with seedling density. Seedling density was positively related to rock exposure, canopy openness, and species richness, and there was a negative relationship between herbaceous cover and basal area (p < 0.0001). The relative importance of predictor variables was as follows: Rock exposure (40.3%), canopy openness (30.2%), basal area (13.9%), herbaceous cover (11.5%), and species richness (4.1%). Seedling density was most strongly influenced by the presence of large rocks, which provide shelter from harsh winds and a substrate for moss. We conclude that appropriate canopy openness creates a synergistic relationship. We found a positive association between the Abies nephrolepis seedling density in subalpine forests and certain physical environmental factors. Therefore, environmental gradients about the roles of rocks and canopies apply, even in this habitat.

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Section: Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Abies nephrolepis Seedlings in Relation to Environmental Factors in Seorak Mountain, South Korea

Kim¹,

Lim

Yun

2019

Forests

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“…Oliver and Larson 1996;Piovesan et al 2005;Jang and Park 2010). To accurately forecast stand development, a tool for predicting future DBH distributions is required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling irregular and multimodal tree diameter distributions by finite mixture models: an approach to stand structure characterisation

Jaworski

Podlaski

2012

Journal of Forest Research

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Tree structural diversity is assessed by modelling stand diameter at breast height (DBH) distribution. The aim of this study was to verify the suitability of a mixture of two-and three-component Weibull and gamma models for describing irregular and multimodal DBH distributions. Investigations were carried out in natural Abies alba Mill. and Fagus sylvatica L. stands, representing the growing-up stage, in the Ś więtokrzyski National Park (Central Poland) and in the Pieniny National Park (Southern Poland). Sample plots (0.25-0.5 ha in area) were selected from a database used for forest dynamics analysis. The parameters of the mixture model were estimated using maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) and a combination of an expectation-maximisation (EM) algorithm with a Newton-type (NT) method. The multistart method (MM) of choosing initial values was used. The DBH distributions in mixed Abies-Fagus forests of complex structure were accurately approximated by two-and three-component mixture models. The root mean square error (RMSE) values varied from 3.4515 to 7.6682 for the Weibull mixture and from 3.6457 to 7.1419 for the gamma mixture. The results indicated that the mixture Weibull and gamma models were, in general, equally suitable for modelling irregular and multimodal DBH distributions. Finite mixture models may be used to characterise tree structural diversity, especially in uneven-aged stands of complex structure.

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“…As stands grow older, the possibilities of disturbances increase. Small disturbances eliminating one to several trees in the upper canopy layer create gaps and provide opportunities for understory shade tolerant species to be released and new seedling to become established, resulting in a multi-cohort structure [55]. Such small-scale disturbances occur to large, old trees and result in discontinuities of diameter distributions in the larger diameter classes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of Stand Structures and Development in Old-Growth Forests in the Pacific Northwest, USA

Park

Oliver

2015

Forests

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Abstract:The forest stand structure class "old-growth" has previously been qualitatively described as having several distinct "sub-structures." Species composition, diameter distribution, and other structural features commonly associated with old-growth in the Pacific Northwest are quite variable. We determined which quantitative stand structure variables are commonly found together using the Spearman correlation and non-metric multidimensional analysis. Some features were more commonly found together than others, indicating different old-growth stand types, or sub-structures. Cluster analysis classified the old-growth forests into four groups: Douglas-fir dominance, shade tolerant species dominance, and intermediate groups. The intermediate groups were split by the density of large logs and large shade tolerant trees. The old-growth sub-structures appear to change from one to another as the old forest develops.

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Stand Structure and Maintenance of Picea jezoensis in a Northern Temperate Forest, South Korea

Cited by 13 publications

References 50 publications

Dynamics of Abies nephrolepis Seedlings in Relation to Environmental Factors in Seorak Mountain, South Korea

Dynamics of Abies nephrolepis Seedlings in Relation to Environmental Factors in Seorak Mountain, South Korea

Modelling irregular and multimodal tree diameter distributions by finite mixture models: an approach to stand structure characterisation

Variability of Stand Structures and Development in Old-Growth Forests in the Pacific Northwest, USA

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