Standard reference values of the upper body posture in healthy male adults aged between 41 and 50 years in Germany

Abstract

Background: Classifications of posture deviations are possible when they can be compared to the standard values for healthy persons. Standard values for healthy male adults aged between 41 and 50 years are currently missing. Methods: 100 healthy volunteers (41-50 years old; 45.37 ± 3.06 years) were included in the study. Their body weight ranged from 68 to 132 kg (88.76 ± 15.93 kg), their heights from 1.64 to 2.0 m (1.81 ± 0.07 m) and the Body Mass Index (BMI) ranged from 19.0 kg/m² to 37.7 kg/m² (26.2 ± 3.96 kg/m²). A three-dimensional back scan was performed to quantify the upper back posture during habitual standing. The upper and lower limit for 95% of the tolerance regions and the left and right limit of the confidence interval were calculated. Results: The upper body posture of the subjects was close to the symmetry, or 0°, axis. There was a moderate ventral upper body inclination with a slight left lateral axial deviation and rotation of the spine to the right. An enhanced kyphotic posture was observed in the sagittal plane in the area of the thoracic spine. the shoulder and pelvis areas were almost balanced. Conclusion: Healthy males between 41 and 50 years were found to have an almost balanced posture with minimal ventral body inclination and a marginal scoliotic deviation. these values allow a comparison with other studies for control and patient data and may serve as basis in both clinical practice and scientific studies.

The Value of Video Rasterstereography in the Detection of Alterations in Posture as a Marker of Pain Relief after Targeted Infiltrations of the Lumbar Spine

“…This pre-obesity level corresponds to the BMI of the patients analyzed in the present study. The proof of reliable repeated measurements in more obese patients is still pending, even when subjects with values up to 37 kg/m 2 recently have found their way into a reference value collection [43].…”

Systematic changes of the static upper body posture with a symmetric occlusion condition

“…In order to achieve optimum measurement of the back surface, for each test person six anatomical landmarks (light-reflecting markers of 1 cm diameter) were necessary. The ABW-BodyMapper has already been used successfully in studies to determine representative standard values for young men (18–35 years) [ 32 ] and middle-aged men [ 41 – 50 ] [ 33 ] as well as women (21–30 years) [ 59 ]. Formula or algorithm used to calculate the evaluation parameters are published by Ohlendorf et al [ 33 ].…”

“…The ABW-BodyMapper has already been used successfully in studies to determine representative standard values for young men (18-35 years) [32] and middle-aged men [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] [33] as well as women (21-30 years) [59]. Formula or algorithm used to calculate the evaluation parameters are published by Ohlendorf et al [33].…”

“…All parameters were divided into three categories according to the anatomical topography: (a) the markers of the spinal column variables ranged from the 7th cervical vertebra to the rima ani, (b) the shoulder variables enclosed markers on the shoulder blade, (c) the pelvic variables were derived from the marker positions on the left and right SIPS (spina ilica posterior superior). The precise placement of the six landmarks is illustrated in the study protocol of Ohlendorf et al [60] and all the formulas for calculating each evaluation parameter are published in Ohlendorf et al [33]. Figure 1 shows the markers set on the spine (A), their names and additional calculated positions required for the calculation of all evaluation parameters (B) as well as a depth image of the videorasterstereography in which the six glued markers and their names can be seen.…”

“…Gender influences a variety of biological functions like the pain threshold, hormone balance, connective tissue and muscularity [28][29][30][31]. The body composition of the two genders is distinct, men have wider shoulders and smaller pelves [32][33][34], the kyphosis angle is larger than the lordosis angle for male subjects [32][33][34] and the lordosis angle of the male subjects is about 8°smaller than in female subjects [32][33][34][35].…”