Standardized Clitoria ternatea leaf extract as hyaluronidase, elastase and matrix-metalloproteinase-1 inhibitor

Abstract

Aim:Plant Clitoria ternatea L. is claimed to possess a wide range of activities including antiinflammatory, local anesthetic and antidiabetic effect, etc. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the wound healing potential of standardized C. ternatea leaf extract in terms of different enzymatic models, which are mostly associated with skin wound.Materials and Methods:The methanol extract and fractions were screened for its hyaluronidase, elastase, and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) inhibitory activity compared with standard oleanolic acid. The activity was rationalized through reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) standardization of the extract and fractions with respect to its isolated biomarker taraxerol (yield 5.27% w/w).Results:The extract showed significant (P < 0.001) hyaluronidase (IC50 18.08 ± 0.46 μg/ ml) and MMP-1 (P < 0.05) inhibition, but the elastase inhibition was insignificant (IC50 42.68 ± 0.46 μg/ml). Among the fractions, ethyl acetate fraction showed significant (P < 0.001) inhibition of hyaluronidase (IC50 28.01 ± 0.48 μg/ml) and MMP-1 (P < 0.01). The HPLC analysis revealed that the extract and the ethyl acetate fraction are enriched with taraxerol (5.32% w/w and 4.55% w/w, respectively).Conclusions:The experiment validated the traditional uses of C. ternatea and may be recommended for use in the treatment of different types of skin wounds, where taraxerol may be a responsible biomarker.

Skin Protective Activity of Silymarin and its Flavonolignans

“…Anti-collagenase activity was measured by a method described by Maity et al [31] with minor modifications. The reaction mixture contained 80 µL of buffer solution (0.05 M Tris-HCl, 0.15 M NaCl, 5 mM CaCl 2 , 0.2 mM sodium azide, pH 7.6), 10 µL of test sample/H 2 O/solvent/inhibitor and 10 µL of collagenase (200 U/mL) or water (blank for each sample).…”

COVID-19: A promising cure for the global panic

“…Among them Vitex trifolia and Sphaeranthus indicus have been found to reduce inflammatory cytokines using the NF-kB pathway, a pathway that has been implicated in respiratory distress in SARS-CoV (Alam et al, 2002;Srivastava et al, 2015). Clitoria ternatea has been J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f identified as a metalloproteinase inhibitor, ADAM17, a metalloproteinase that is involved in ACE shredding can be targeted using this plant, as ACE-2 shredding has been associated with an increased formation of viruses (Maity et al, 2012). The plants Glycyrrhiza glabra (Nourazarian, 2015) and Allium sativum (Keyaerts et al, 2007) have been known to target the viral replication of SARS-CoV, arising as promising candidates against SARS-CoV-2.…”

A Brief Overview of Potential Treatments for Viral Diseases Using Natural Plant Compounds: The Case of SARS-Cov

“…Furthermore, C. ternatea (Asian pigeonwings) has been reported as an inhibitor of metallopeptidase domain 17 (ADAM17), a metalloproteinase involved in angiotensin being converted for enzyme shredding, and can be targeted with Clitoria ternatea. ACE-2 shredding is associated with the spike formation of viruses [105]. Likewise, Strobilanthes cusia was found to inhibit viral RNA genome synthesis and to induce papain like protease (PL pro ) activity targeting the human coronavirus OC43 [1,113].…”