“…The values of k and n can vary depending on the specific application and the level of reliability required. A situation in which such a standby system is used is that of k-out-of-n systems (see, e.g., Levitin et al [1], Fernández [2], Barron and Yechiali [3], Barron [4], Levitin et al [5], Bian et al [6], and references therein). The method of cold standby has been widely utilized in crucial scenarios such as flight controls, satellites, chemical process controls, telecommunication systems, and nuclear power plants (see, for instance, Mathur [7], Wang [8], Johnson and Julich [9], Sinaki [10], Pandey et al [11], Coit [12], Hsieh and Hsieh [13], Elerath and Pecht [14], and Wang et al [15]).…”