Staphylococcus aureus—A Known Opponent against Host Defense Mechanisms and Vaccine Development—Do We Still Have a Chance to Win?

Wójcik-Bojek, Urszula; Różalska, Barbara; Sadowska, Beata

doi:10.3390/ijms23020948

Cited by 31 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 119 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Virulence factors are important in the development, duration, and severity of S. aureus related illnesses since they are often involved in host defense evasion ( Wójcik-Bojek et al, 2022 ). Adhesins play a role in cell attachment, invasion, and biofilm formation ( Kerro Dego, 2020 ), thus allowing for increased persistence and protection against antimicrobial factors in the host ( Gajewska and Chajęcka-Wierzchowska, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative genomics study of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from cattle and humans reveals virulence patterns exclusively associated with bovine clinical mastitis strains

Rodrigues

Pizauro²,

Varani³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Staphylococcus aureus causes nosocomial and intramammary infections in humans and cattle, respectively. A large number of virulence factors are thought to play important roles in the pathogenesis of this bacterium. Currently, genome-wide and data-analysis studies are being used to better understand its epidemiology. In this study, we conducted a genome wide comparison and phylogenomic analyses of S. aureus to find specific virulence patterns associated with clinical and subclinical mastitis strains in cattle and compare them with those of human origin. The presence/absence of key virulence factors such as adhesin, biofilm, antimicrobial resistance, and toxin genes, as well as the phylogeny and sequence type of the isolates were evaluated. A total of 248 genomes (27 clinical mastitis, 43 subclinical mastitis, 21 milk, 53 skin-related abscesses, 49 skin infections, and 55 pus from cellulitis) isolated from 32 countries were evaluated. We found that the cflA, fnbA, ebpS, spa, sdrC, coa, emp, vWF, atl, sasH, sasA, and sasF adhesion genes, as well as the aur, hglA, hglB, and hglC toxin genes were highly associated in clinical mastitis strains. The strains had diverse genetic origins (72 protein A and 48 sequence types with ST97, ST8 and ST152 being frequent in isolates from clinical mastitis, abscess, and skin infection, respectively). Further, our phylogenomic analyses suggested that zoonotic and/or zooanthroponotic transmission may have occurred. These findings contribute to a better understanding of S. aureus epidemiology and the relationships between adhesion mechanisms, biofilm formation, antimicrobial resistance, and toxins and could aid in the development of improved vaccines and strain genotyping methods.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative genomics study of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from cattle and humans reveals virulence patterns exclusively associated with bovine clinical mastitis strains

Rodrigues

Pizauro²,

Varani³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Finally, we found 11 PVL-positive strains (3.2%) (Figure 3). Panton–Valentine leukocidin is a pore-forming leukotoxin produced by 2-3% of S. aureus isolates (Wójcik-Bojek et al 2022) which has been traditionally used as an indicator of community-acquired MRSA strains (Fey et al 2003). However, some recent studies found that PVL may not be a reliable marker because it is being reported in nosocomial MRSA infections (Nakaminami et al 2020; Shohayeb et al 2023).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic analysis ofStaphylococcus aureusisolates from bacteremia reveals genetic features associated with the COVID-19 pandemic

Sánchez-Osuna,

Pedrosa,

Bierge

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Genomic analyses of bacterial isolates are necessary to monitor the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes and virulence determinants. Herein, we provide a comprehensive genomic description of a collection of 339Staphylococcus aureusstrains isolated from patients with bacteremia between 2014 and 2022. Nosocomial acquisition accounted for 56.6% of episodes, with vascular catheters being the predominant source of infection (31.8%). Cases of fatality (27.4%), persistent bacteremia (19.5%) and diagnosis of septic emboli (24.2%) were documented. During the COVID-19 pandemic, we observed a 140% increase of the episodes ofS. aureusbacteremia per year, with a concomitant increase of the cases from nosocomial origin. This prompted us to investigate the existence of genetic features associated withS. aureusisolates from the COVID-19 pandemic. While genes conferring resistance to β-lactams (blaI-blaR-blaZ), macrolides (ermA, ermC, ermT, mphC, msrA) and aminoglycosides (ant(4’)-Ia,ant(9)-Ia,aph(3’)-IIIa,aph(2’’)-Ih) were prevalent in our collection, detection of themsrAandmphCgenes increased significantly in pandemicS. aureusisolates. Similarly, we observed a higher prevalence of isolates carrying the genes encoding the Clumping Factors A and B, involved in fibrinogen binding. Of note, macrolides were extensively used as accessory therapy for COVID-19 and fibrinogen levels were usually elevated upon SARS-CoV-2 infection. Therefore, our results reveal a remarkable adaptation of theS. aureusisolates to the COVID-19 pandemic context and demonstrates the potential of whole-genome sequencing to conduct molecular epidemiology studies.

show abstract

“…Another novel treatment strategy is the use of the vaccine, but all clinical trials of anti-staphylococcal vaccines have failed [ 156 ]. Nevertheless, several vaccine candidates have been investigated that specifically target which biofilm matrix components are present in the biofilm growth.…”

Section: Prevention and Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Staphylococcal Biofilm on the Surface of Implants in Orthopedic Infection

Han

Ren

et al. 2022

Microorganisms

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Despite advanced implant sterilization and aseptic surgical techniques, implant-associated infection remains a major challenge for orthopedic surgeries. The subject of bacterial biofilms is receiving increasing attention, probably as a result of the wide acknowledgement of the ubiquity of biofilms in the clinical environment, as well as the extreme difficulty in eradicating them. Biofilm can be defined as a structured microbial community of cells that are attached to a substratum and embedded in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) that they have produced. Biofilm development has been proposed as occurring in a multi-step process: (i) attachment and adherence, (ii) accumulation/maturation due to cellular aggregation and EPS production, and (iii) biofilm detachment (also called dispersal) of bacterial cells. In all these stages, characteristic proteinaceous and non-proteinaceous compounds are expressed, and their expression is strictly controlled. Bacterial biofilm formation around implants shelters the bacteria and encourages the persistence of infection, which could lead to implant failure and osteomyelitis. These complications need to be treated by major revision surgeries and extended antibiotic therapies, which could lead to high treatment costs and even increase mortality. Effective preventive and therapeutic measures to reduce risks for implant-associated infections are thus in urgent need.

show abstract

Staphylococcus aureus—A Known Opponent against Host Defense Mechanisms and Vaccine Development—Do We Still Have a Chance to Win?

Cited by 31 publications

References 119 publications

Comparative genomics study of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from cattle and humans reveals virulence patterns exclusively associated with bovine clinical mastitis strains

Comparative genomics study of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from cattle and humans reveals virulence patterns exclusively associated with bovine clinical mastitis strains

Genomic analysis ofStaphylococcus aureusisolates from bacteremia reveals genetic features associated with the COVID-19 pandemic

The Role of Staphylococcal Biofilm on the Surface of Implants in Orthopedic Infection

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About