Staphylococcus aureus genotype B and other genotypes isolated from cow milk in European countries

Cosandey, Aurelie; Boss, Renate; Luini, M.; Artursson, Karin; Bardiau, Marjorie; Breitenwieser, Franziska; Hehenberger, Elisabeth Maria; Lam, TH; Mansfeld, M; Michel, A.; Mösslacher, G; Naskova, J.; Nelson, Sindre Thørn; Podpečan, Ožbalt; Raemy, Andreas; Ryan, EG; Salat, O.; Zangerl, P.; Steiner, Adrian; Graber, H.U.

doi:10.3168/jds.2015-9587

Cited by 48 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…It is possible that GTB may be localized to some European countries, as previous studies identified this genotype in Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, and Switzerland but did not find it in Ireland, Slovenia, Macedonia, Norway, the Netherlands, or Sweden (35). Further work on the geographical distribution of this virulent strain of S. aureus is needed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Comparison of Virulence Gene Identification, Ribosomal Spacer PCR, and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis for Typing of Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from Cases of Subclinical Bovine Mastitis in the United States

2016

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bStaphylococcus aureus is one of the most important pathogens causing contagious mastitis in dairy cattle worldwide. The objectives of this study were to determine if recently described S. aureus genotype B was present among previously characterized isolates from cases of bovine intramammary infection in the United States and to compare pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) to the combination of ribosomal spacer PCR (RS-PCR) and virulence gene identification for typing of S. aureus strains. The hypothesis was that isolates that were previously characterized as contagious would be identified as genotype B and that the results of the two strain-typing methods would be comparable. Isolates were selected from a collection of S. aureus isolates from eight dairy farms. Mammary quarter milk somatic cell count (SCC) and N-acetyl-␤-D-gluconaminidase (NAGase) activity data were known and used to evaluate strain pathogenicity. RS-PCR was performed with conventional gel electrophoresis, and PCR was used for toxin gene identification. RS-PCR patterns were associated with a specific virulence gene pattern, as previously reported. Five RS-PCR banding patterns were identified. None of the isolates were characterized as genotype B. No association between RS-PCR types and milk SCC was found; however, NAGase activity was significantly higher in milk from mammary glands infected with RS-PCR banding type 1 (RSP type 1) than in milk from those infected with RSP type 2. The discriminatory power values were 1.0 and 0.46 for PFGE and RS-PCR, respectively. These data suggest that genotype B may have a limited geographic distribution and that PFGE is more discriminatory than RS-PCR performed with conventional gel electrophoresis for typing of S. aureus isolates of bovine origin. Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most important pathogens causing contagious mastitis in dairy cattle worldwide (1-3). Although S. aureus is considered a contagious intramammary pathogen and spreads from cow to cow during milking, strains of this agent are most often farm specific, and there is generally a predominant strain in a herd (4). Several methods have been used to characterize and determine genetic subtypes or strain types of this pathogen, allowing identification of the predominant contagious strains. Methods commonly used for typing of S. aureus strains include pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) (5), spa typing (6), and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) (7). Although labor-intensive, PFGE is considered the gold standard strain-typing method for this genus and species (8). Currently, no accurate, fast, and inexpensive tool enabling one to determine which strains are important and likely to be a significant problem for a farm is readily available.Recent studies reported from Switzerland used ribosomal spacer-PCR (RS-PCR) to characterize S. aureus isolated from bovine milk samples and found various strain types, classified as genotypes, of S. aureus possessing different virulence and pathogenicity factors (9-11). Several genotypes were identified...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Comparison of Virulence Gene Identification, Ribosomal Spacer PCR, and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis for Typing of Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from Cases of Subclinical Bovine Mastitis in the United States

2016

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“…This study and previous data [5, 6] confirmed that particular gene patterns, virulence profiles and specific genotypes could be associated with diverse clinical outcomes. More recently, two large European studies [7, 8], demonstrated that the Repetitive-Sequence PCR RS-PCR genotype B (GTB), belonging to the Sequence Type ST8 [9, 10], a high contagious and diffusive Staph. aureus involved in bovine IMI, was the most frequently detected in several European countries (Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Switzerland).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic and transcriptomic comparison between Staphylococcus aureus strains associated with high and low within herd prevalence of intra-mammary infection

et al. 2017

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Background Staphylococcus aureus (Staph. aureus) is one of the major pathogens causing mastitis in dairy ruminants worldwide. The chronic nature of Staph. aureus infection enhances the contagiousness risk and diffusion in herds. In order to identify the factors involved in intra-mammary infection (IMI) and diffusion in dairy cows, we investigated the molecular characteristics of two groups of Staph. aureus strains belonging to ST8 and ST398, differing in clinical properties, through comparison of whole genome and whole transcriptome sequencing.ResultsThe two groups of strains, one originated from high IMI prevalence herds and the other from low IMI prevalence herds, present a peculiar set of genes and polymorphisms related to phenotypic features, such as bacterial invasion of mammary epithelial cells and host adaptation. Transcriptomic analysis supports the high propensity of ST8 strain to chronicity of infection and to a higher potential cytotoxicity.ConclusionsOur data are consistent with the invasiveness and host adaptation feature for the strains GTB/ST8 associated to high within-herd prevalence of mastitis. Variation in genes coding for surface exposed proteins and those associated to virulence and defence could constitute good targets for further research.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12866-017-0931-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…For the present study, the genotyping results were from the companion paper (Cosandey et al, 2016), as identical strains were used for both studies. In brief, all strains were first analyzed by melting curve PCR for nuc as described by Syring et al (2012).…”

Section: Rs-pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…New genotypes were subsequently named according to Fournier et al (2008). Genotypic variants, differing in only 1 band from the genotype, were indicated with roman superscripts, as described in Cosandey et al (2016).…”

Section: Rs-pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They were reused from the companion study by Cosandey et al (2016). The strains had been stored in skim milk at −20°C and were recultured on blood agar (bioMérieux Suisse s.a., Geneva, Switzerland) by plating a loopful of bacteria on the agar and incubating it at 37°C for 24 h. As described by Cosandey et al (2016), the isolates had originated from aseptically collected milk samples from single quarters (SQM) with subclinical IMI, or from bulk tank milk (BTM) samples obtained according to the guidelines of the National Mastitis Council (NMC, 1999), or they had been taken from the authors' bacterial culture collections (BC). The BC strains had all been obtained from milk of cows with subclinical IMI using aseptic sample collection.…”

Section: Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bovine Staphylococcus aureus: Subtyping, evolution, and zoonotic transfer

Boss

Cosandey

Luini

et al. 2016

Journal of Dairy Science

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Staphylococcus aureus is globally one of the most important pathogens causing contagious mastitis in cattle. Previous studies using ribosomal spacer (RS)-PCR, however, demonstrated in Swiss cows that Staph. aureus isolated from bovine intramammary infections are genetically heterogeneous, with Staph. aureus genotype B (GTB) and GTC being the most prominent genotypes. Furthermore, Staph. aureus GTB was found to be contagious, whereas Staph. aureus GTC and all the remaining genotypes were involved in individual cow disease. In addition to RS-PCR, other methods for subtyping Staph. aureus are known, including spa typing and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). They are based on sequencing the spa and various housekeeping genes, respectively. The aim of the present study was to compare the 3 analytic methods using 456 strains of Staph. aureus isolated from milk of bovine intramammary infections and bulk tanks obtained from 12 European countries. Furthermore, the phylogeny of animal Staph. aureus was inferred and the zoonotic transfer of Staph. aureus between cattle and humans was studied. The analyzed strains could be grouped into 6 genotypic clusters, with CLB, CLC, and CLR being the most prominent ones. Comparing the 3 subtyping methods, RS-PCR showed the highest resolution, followed by spa typing and MLST. We found associations among the methods but in many cases they were unsatisfactory except for CLB and CLC. Cluster CLB was positive for clonal complex (CC)8 in 99% of the cases and typically positive for t2953; it is the cattle-adapted form of CC8. Cluster CLC was always positive for t529 and typically positive for CC705. For CLR and the remaining subtypes, links among the 3 methods were generally poor. Bovine Staph. aureus is highly clonal and a few clones predominate. Animal Staph. aureus always evolve from human strains, such that every human strain may be the ancestor of a novel animal-adapted strain. The zoonotic transfer of IMI-and milk-associated strains of Staph. aureus between cattle and humans seems to be very limited and different hosts are not considered as a source for mutual, spontaneous infections. Spillover events, however, may happen.

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Staphylococcus aureus genotype B and other genotypes isolated from cow milk in European countries

Cited by 48 publications

References 25 publications

Comparison of Virulence Gene Identification, Ribosomal Spacer PCR, and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis for Typing of Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from Cases of Subclinical Bovine Mastitis in the United States

Comparison of Virulence Gene Identification, Ribosomal Spacer PCR, and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis for Typing of Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from Cases of Subclinical Bovine Mastitis in the United States

Genomic and transcriptomic comparison between Staphylococcus aureus strains associated with high and low within herd prevalence of intra-mammary infection

Bovine Staphylococcus aureus: Subtyping, evolution, and zoonotic transfer

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