Staphylococcus aureus Pneumonia in the Community

He, Hangyong; Wunderink, Richard G.

doi:10.1055/s-0040-1709992

Cited by 48 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 107 publications

(127 reference statements)

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“…Omadacycline (a cycline alternative), lefamulin (the first pleuromutilin), solithromycin (macrolide), nemonoxacin (quinolone) and delafloxacin/zabofloxacin (both fluoroquinolones) are other agents worth mentioning however not yet approved for the treatment of sCAP. Table 3 summarizes the major features of these new drugs for the treatment of CAP in critically ill patients [37,[52][53][54][55][56].…”

Section: Role Of Novel Antibiotics In Icu Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choosing antibiotic therapy for severe community-acquired pneumonia

Martín‐Loeches

Garduno

Póvoa

et al. 2022

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases

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Purpose of reviewCommunity-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is known as a major worldwide health concern considering it has been shown to account for 78% of infection-related deaths in the USA. It is a common cause for hospitalization with a continued incidence rise in the elderly, high mortality rate and long-term sequelae in critically ill patients. Severe CAP (sCAP) is an accepted terminology used to describe ICU admitted patients with CAP. The aim of this review is to further report on the major advances in treatment for patients with sCAP including new antibiotic treatments despite macrolide resistance as seen in the ICU, and multifaceted antibiotic stewardship interventions that may lead to the reduction broad-spectrum antibiotic use in CAP. Recent findingsWe aim to examine the most recent findings in order to determine appropriate empirical antibiotic choices, timing regimens and evidence for clinical effectiveness. This will be addressed by focusing on the use combination therapies, the usefulness of severity scores and the difficulty to treat multidrug-resistant pathogens, including gram negatives such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Relevant reports referenced within included randomized controlled trials, metaanalyses, observational studies, systematic reviews and international guidelines where applicable. SummaryNew antibiotics have been recently launched with direct agent-specific properties that have been shown to avoid the overuse of previous broad-spectrum antibiotics when treating patients sCAP. Although narrowspectrum antibiotics are now recommended and imperative in improving a patients' prognosis, there are also some considerations when prescribing antibiotics that are beyond the spectrum. There is a need to implement effective policies of de-escalation to avoid antibiotic resistance and the risk for developing subsequent infections by combining informed clinical judgement and the application of biomarkers. Reaching clinical stability and avoidance of treatment failure are the most important pillars in treatment success.

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Section: Role Of Novel Antibiotics In Icu Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choosing antibiotic therapy for severe community-acquired pneumonia

Martín‐Loeches

Garduno

Póvoa

et al. 2022

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases

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“…Severe, necrotizing CA-MRSA pneumonia is thought to be caused by the exotoxin Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL). 131 PVL is a toxin that causes leukocyte destruction and tissue necrosis.…”

Section: The Changing Etiology Of Pneumoniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of pneumonia in critically ill patients

Cillóniz

Torres

Niederman

2021

BMJ

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Severe pneumonia is associated with high mortality (short and long term), as well as pulmonary and extrapulmonary complications. Appropriate diagnosis and early initiation of adequate antimicrobial treatment for severe pneumonia are crucial in improving survival among critically ill patients. Identifying the underlying causative pathogen is also critical for antimicrobial stewardship. However, establishing an etiological diagnosis is challenging in most patients, especially in those with chronic underlying disease; those who received previous antibiotic treatment; and those treated with mechanical ventilation. Furthermore, as antimicrobial therapy must be empiric, national and international guidelines recommend initial antimicrobial treatment according to the location’s epidemiology; for patients admitted to the intensive care unit, specific recommendations on disease management are available. Adherence to pneumonia guidelines is associated with better outcomes in severe pneumonia. Yet, the continuing and necessary research on severe pneumonia is expansive, inviting different perspectives on host immunological responses, assessment of illness severity, microbial causes, risk factors for multidrug resistant pathogens, diagnostic tests, and therapeutic options.

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“…Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is an opportunistic pathogen capable of adapting to different hosts and environmental conditions, and is one of the main causes of various infectious diseases (Antonelli et al, 2019;He and Wunderink, 2020). With the emergence of antibiotics, S. aureus infection has been well treated (Lindsay, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid and Ultrasensitive Detection of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Based on CRISPR-Cas12a Combined With Recombinase-Aided Amplification

Wang

Liang

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Staphylococcus aureus is one of the main pathogens causing hospital and community-acquired infections, in particular, infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) cause a higher mortality rate than those caused by methicillin-sensitive strains, which poses a serious global public health problem. Therefore, rapid and ultrasensitive detection of patients with clinical MRSA infection and timely control of infection are essential. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated proteins (Cas) based on nucleic acid detection methods are well-known for its high specificity and sensitivity and programmability. Here, we successfully proposed a method based on CRISPR-Cas12a combined with recombinase-aided amplification (RAA) through fluorescent readout to achieve accurate identification and highly sensitive detection of MRSA in clinical samples. Results showed that the limit of detection (LoD) of the RAA-Cas12a method could reach 10 copies/μl at 60 min of reaction. Specificity tests showed that the method could distinguish MRSA from clinically common bacteria. The results of RAA-Cas12a were consistent with that of antimicrobial susceptibility tests (AST) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 83 clinical samples. These results indicated that the detection method based on RAA-Cas12a has high sensitivity and specificity, and provides important value for rapid detection of MRSA.

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Staphylococcus aureus Pneumonia in the Community

Cited by 48 publications

References 107 publications

Choosing antibiotic therapy for severe community-acquired pneumonia

Choosing antibiotic therapy for severe community-acquired pneumonia

Management of pneumonia in critically ill patients

Rapid and Ultrasensitive Detection of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Based on CRISPR-Cas12a Combined With Recombinase-Aided Amplification

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