Staphylococcus capitis endocarditis due to a transvenous endocardial pacemaker infection: Case report and review of Staphylococcus capitis endocarditis

Cone, Lawrence A.; Sontz, Eric; Wilson, Joseph W.; Mitruka, Surindra N.

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2004.08.004

Cited by 41 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…S. warneri, rarely associated with infection, has been occasionally noted as an etiologic agent of osteomyelitis, valve endocarditis, bacteremia, and urinary tract infections (9,53). S. capitis has been associated with bacteremia and infective endocarditis (12,51). Nonpathogenic staphylococci involved in food fermentation, e.g., S. carnosus, S. xylosus, S. equorum, S. arlettae, S. condimenti, and S. piscifermentans, are lysozyme sensitive and possess de-O-acetylated peptidoglycan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Presence of Peptidoglycan O -Acetyltransferase in Various Staphylococcal Species Correlates with Lysozyme Resistance and Pathogenicity

et al. 2006

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Human-pathogenic bacteria that are able to cause persistent infections must have developed mechanisms to resist the immune defense system. Lysozyme, a cell wall-lytic enzyme, is one of the first defense compounds induced in serum and tissues after the onset of infection. Recently, we showed that Staphylococcus aureus is resistant to lysozyme by O acetylating its peptidoglycan (PG) by O-acetyltransferase (OatA). We asked the question of which staphylococcal species PG is O acetylated. We applied various methods, such as genome analysis, PCR, Southern blotting, lysozyme sensitivity assay, and verification of O acetylation of PG by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. PCR analysis using S. aureus-derived oatA primers and Southern blotting did not yield reliable results with other staphylococcal species. Therefore, we used the HPLC-based assay to directly detect PG O acetylation. Our studies revealed that the muramic acid was O acetylated only in pathogenic, lysozyme-resistant staphylococci (e.g., S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. lugdunensis, and others). All nonpathogenic species were lysozyme sensitive. They can be divided into sensitive species (e.g., S. carnosus, S. gallinarum, and S. xylosus) and hypersensitive species (e.g., S. equorum, S. lentus, and S. arlettae). In all lysozyme-sensitive species, the analyzed PG was de-Oacetylated. When we transformed the oatA gene from lysozyme-resistant S. aureus into S. carnosus, the corresponding transformants also became lysozyme resistant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Presence of Peptidoglycan O -Acetyltransferase in Various Staphylococcal Species Correlates with Lysozyme Resistance and Pathogenicity

et al. 2006

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“…Staphylococcus aureus zazwyczaj wywołuje IZW o ostrym przebiegu, ze znaczną destrukcją zastawek, podczas gdy CoNS postać choroby o przedłużającym się przebiegu (poza S. lugdunensis [155] oraz niektórych przypadków S. capitis) [156,157]. W tabeli 17 podsumowano zalecenia dotyczące leczenia IZW wywołanego przez gronkowce złociste metycylinowrażliwe i metycylinooporne oraz CoNS zarówno na własnej zastawce, jak i u osób z protezą zastawkową.…”

Section: Staphylococcus Aureus I Inne Gronkowce Koagulazo-negatywneunclassified

2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of infective endocarditis

Habib¹,

Lancellotti

Antunes³

et al. 2015

Kardiol Pol

148

212

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“…Among non- epidermidis CoNS, Staphylococcus capitis is rarely, if ever, isolated from bacteremic adult patients [16]. Although this species has been occasionally reported in infective endocarditis cases [17], [18], it is most often considered to be a blood culture contaminant [16]. However, in the NICU setting, recent studies have indicated that methicillin-resistant S. capitis could emerge as a significant pathogen, causing LOS in VLBW infants [14], [19]–[22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus capitis with Reduced Vancomycin Susceptibility Causes Late-Onset Sepsis in Intensive Care Neonates

et al. 2012

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BackgroundCoagulase-negative staphylococci, mainly Staphylococcus epidermidis, are the most frequent cause of late-onset sepsis (LOS) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) setting. However, recent reports indicate that methicillin-resistant, vancomycin-heteroresistant Staphylococcus capitis could emerge as a significant pathogen in the NICU. We investigated the prevalence, clonality and vancomycin susceptibility of S. capitis isolated from the blood of NICU infants and compared these data to adult patients.Methodology/Principal FindingsWe conducted a retrospective laboratory-based survey of positive blood cultures in NICU infants ≥3 days of age (n = 527) and in adult ICU patients ≥18 years of age (n = 1473) who were hospitalized from 2004 to 2009 in two hospital centers in Lyon, France. S. capitis was the most frequent pathogen in NICU infants, ahead of S. epidermidis (39.1% vs. 23.5% of positive blood cultures, respectively). Conversely, S. capitis was rarely found in adult ICU patients (1.0%) compared to S. epidermidis (15.3%). S. capitis bloodstream isolates were more frequently resistant to methicillin when collected from NICU infants than from adult patients (95.6% vs. 53.3%, respectively). Furthermore, we collected and characterized 53 S. capitis bloodstream isolates from NICU infants and adult patients from six distant cities. All methicillin-resistant S. capitis isolates from NICU infants were clonally related as determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. These isolates harbored a type V-related staphylococcal chromosomal cassette mec element, and constantly showed either vancomycin resistance (37.5%) or heteroresistance (62.5%). Conversely, the isolates that were collected outside of the NICU were genetically diverse and displayed much lower rates of vancomycin resistance and heteroresistance (7.7% and 23.1%, respectively).Conclusions/SignificanceA clonal population of methicillin-resistant S. capitis strains has spread into several French NICUs. These isolates exhibit reduced susceptibility to vancomycin, which is the most widely used antimicrobial agent in the NICU setting.

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Staphylococcus capitis endocarditis due to a transvenous endocardial pacemaker infection: Case report and review of Staphylococcus capitis endocarditis

Abstract: CoNS as a cause of endocarditis appears to be increasing and the current ability to determine the species of these organisms should elicit the epidemiology, clinical characteristics and biomolecular mechanisms involved in the induction of valvular disease.

Cited by 41 publications

References 27 publications

The Presence of Peptidoglycan O -Acetyltransferase in Various Staphylococcal Species Correlates with Lysozyme Resistance and Pathogenicity

The Presence of Peptidoglycan O -Acetyltransferase in Various Staphylococcal Species Correlates with Lysozyme Resistance and Pathogenicity

2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of infective endocarditis

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus capitis with Reduced Vancomycin Susceptibility Causes Late-Onset Sepsis in Intensive Care Neonates

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