Staphylokokken

Friese, Klaus; Herber-Jonat, Susanne; Schulze, Andreas; Mylonas, Ioannis

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-78325-1_26

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Newborns admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are at high risk of nosocomial infections [1]. Previous studies suggested two major reasons for the increased susceptibility to bacterial infection especially in preterm infants with low birth weight, namely the immaturity of the neonatal immune system [2] and the prolonged bacterial exposure associated with long hospitalization, including repeated execution of invasive procedures [3]. Although development of cell-mediated immunity is taking place in the first trimester of pregnancy, neonatal humoral immunity is reliant on transplacental passage of IgG, which starts at gestational week 32.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Use of Neonatal Colonization Screening for Empiric Antibiotic Therapy of Sepsis and Pneumonia

Bär

Schmitt‐Grohé

Held³

et al. 2023

Antibiotics

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(1) Background: Since 2013, weekly screening for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative (MDRGN) bacteria has been performed in German neonatal intensive care units (NICU). National guidelines recommend considering these colonization analyses for antibiotic treatment regimens. Our retrospective single center study provides insight into the clinical dichotomy of bacterial colonization and infection rates in neonates. (2) Methods: We analyzed microbiological data of neonates admitted to our tertiary level NICU over nine years. Colonization with MDRGN/Serratia marcescens (SERMA) was compared to microbiological findings in sepsis and pneumonia. (3) Results: We analyzed 917 blood and 1799 tracheal aspirate samples. After applying criteria from the Nosocomial Infection Surveillance for Neonates (NEO-KISS), we included 52 and 55 cases of sepsis and pneumonia, respectively; 19.2% of sepsis patients and 34.5% of pneumonia patients had a prior colonization with MDRGN bacteria or SERMA. In these patients, sepsis was not attributable to MDRGN bacteria yet one SERMA, while in pneumonias, ten MDRGN bacteria and one SERMA were identified. We identified late-onset pneumonia and cesarean section as risk factors for MDRGN/SERMA acquisition. (4) Conclusions: Colonization screening is a useful tool for hygiene surveillance. However, our data suggest that consideration of colonization with MDRGN/SERMA might promote extensive use of last resort antibiotics in neonates.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%