Starch biosynthesis, its regulation and biotechnological approaches to improve crop yields

Bahaji, Abdellatif; Li, Jun; Sánchez‐López, Ángela María; Baroja‐Fernández, Edurne; Muñoz, Francisco José; Ovečka, Miroslav; Almagro, Goizeder; Montero, Manuel; Ezquer, Ignacio; Etxeberria, Ed; Pozueta‐Romero, Javier

doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.06.006

Cited by 221 publications

(200 citation statements)

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“…This enzyme is involved in glycolysis and in the regeneration of Glc-6-P molecules in the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway. In mesophyll chloroplasts of illuminated leaves, the plastidic isoform of PGI (pPGI) also plays a fundamental role in starch biosynthesis, connecting the Calvin-Benson cycle (CBC) with the starch biosynthetic pathway that encompasses plastidic phosphoglucomutase (pPGM), ADP-Glc pyrophosphorylase (AGP), and starch synthase (SS; Bahaji et al, 2014b). Recent studies have shown that the leaves of pPGI-null pgi1-2 mutants accumulate low levels of plastidic CKs (Bahaji et al, 2015b).…”

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Arabidopsis Responds to Alternaria alternata Volatiles by Triggering Plastid Phosphoglucose Isomerase-Independent Mechanisms

et al. 2016

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Volatile compounds (VCs) emitted by phylogenetically diverse microorganisms (including plant pathogens and microbes that do not normally interact mutualistically with plants) promote photosynthesis, growth, and the accumulation of high levels of starch in leaves through cytokinin (CK)-regulated processes. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants not exposed to VCs, plastidic phosphoglucose isomerase (pPGI) acts as an important determinant of photosynthesis and growth, likely as a consequence of its involvement in the synthesis of plastidic CKs in roots. Moreover, this enzyme plays an important role in connecting the CalvinBenson cycle with the starch biosynthetic pathway in leaves. To elucidate the mechanisms involved in the responses of plants to microbial VCs and to investigate the extent of pPGI involvement, we characterized pPGI-null pgi1-2 Arabidopsis plants cultured in the presence or absence of VCs emitted by Alternaria alternata. We found that volatile emissions from this fungal phytopathogen promote growth, photosynthesis, and the accumulation of plastidic CKs in pgi1-2 leaves. Notably, the mesophyll cells of pgi1-2 leaves accumulated exceptionally high levels of starch following VC exposure. Proteomic analyses revealed that VCs promote global changes in the expression of proteins involved in photosynthesis, starch metabolism, and growth that can account for the observed responses in pgi1-2 plants. The overall data show that Arabidopsis plants can respond to VCs emitted by phytopathogenic microorganisms by triggering pPGI-independent mechanisms.

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Arabidopsis Responds to Alternaria alternata Volatiles by Triggering Plastid Phosphoglucose Isomerase-Independent Mechanisms

et al. 2016

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“…Research has also shown that HA increased chlorophyll content which can accordingly strengthen photosynthesis (Xu, 1986;Liu et al, 1998). Sufficient mature functional leaves promoted photosynthesis (Zheng et al, 2012) during the day, and the fixed carbon, like sucrose, is transported from the photosynthetic apparatus to the non-photosynthetic organs during the night (Bahaji et al, 2014). That is, more vigorous leaves gave rise to sucrose accumulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, large amounts of carbohydrates accumulate during bulb formation (Kawa and de Hertogh, 1992), e.g., starch constitutes the dominant storage reserve polysaccharide (about 20%-30% fresh weight (FW)). Starch, comprised of amylase and amylopectin, is an insoluble polyglucan produced by starch synthase (SS) using adenosine 5'-diphosphate glucose (ADPG) as the sugar donor molecule (Bahaji et al, 2014). Granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS) can specifically elongate amylose (Nelson and Rines, 1962) while soluble starch synthase (SSS) is exclusively involved in amylopectin biosynthesis (Streb and Zeeman, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leaves can fix carbon during the day and then remobilize the carbohydrates during the subsequent night to support photosynthetic metabolism and growth. Therefore, leaves are regarded as photosynthetic tissues whilst storage organs, e.g., bulbs, are heterotrophic organs (Bahaji et al, 2014). Source-sink changes constantly in the lily plant and intensification of sink and source performances could enhance the yield of the storage organ, e.g., potato (Katoh et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low humic acids promote in vitro lily bulblet enlargement by enhancing roots growth and carbohydrate metabolism

Xia

Zhang

et al. 2016

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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Bulblet development is a problem in global lily bulb production and carbohydrate metabolism is a crucial factor. Micropropagation acts as an efficient substitute for faster propagation and can provide a controllable condition to explore bulb growth. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of humic acid (HA) on bulblet swelling and the carbohydrate metabolic pathway in Lilium Oriental Hybrids 'Sorbonne' under in vitro conditions. HA greatly promoted bulblet growth at 0.2, 2.0, and 20.0 mg/L, and pronounced increases in bulblet sucrose, total soluble sugar, and starch content were observed for higher HA concentrations (≥2.0 mg/L) within 45 d after transplanting (DAT). The activities of three major starch synthetic enzymes (including adenosine 5'-diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase, granule-bound starch synthase, and soluble starch synthase) were enhanced dramatically after HA application especially low concentration HA (LHA), indicating a quick response of starch metabolism. However, higher doses of HA also caused excessive aboveground biomass accumulation and inhibited root growth. Accordingly, an earlier carbon starvation emerged by observing evident starch degradation. Relative bulblet weight gradually decreased with increased HA doses and thereby broke the balance between the source and sink. A low HA concentration at 0.2 mg/L performed best in both root and bulblet growth. The number of roots and root length peaked at 14.5 and 5.75 cm, respectively. The fresh bulblet weight and diameter reached 468 mg (2.9 times that under the control treatment) and 11.68 mm, respectively. Further, sucrose/starch utilization and conversion were accelerated and carbon famine was delayed as a result with an average relative bulblet weight of 80.09%. To our knowledge, this is the first HA application and mechanism research into starch metabolism in both in vitro and in vivo condition in bulbous crops.

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“…The core pathway of starch synthesis consists of series of events starting with ADPGlc, the immediate soluble precursor of starch synthesis, and ending with the formation of a starch granule [68,69]. The starch granule biosynthesis is the result of the coordinated actions of enzyme classes including AGPase, SS, GBSS, SBE, and DBE [16].…”

Section: A Possible Differential Biosynthesis Mechanism Of the A-and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative proteome analysis of A- and B-type starch granule-associated proteins in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Aegilops crassa

Cao

Xing

Chen

et al. 2015

Journal of Proteomics

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Comparative proteome analysis of A-and B-type starch granule-associated proteins in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Aegilops crassa, Journal of Proteomics (2014Proteomics ( ), doi: 10.1016Proteomics ( /j.jprot.2014 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. A C C E P T E DM A N U S C R I P T Our results demonstrated that the large granule size is associated with higher activities of multiple starch biosynthesis enzymes. The phosphorylation of starch biosynthesis enzymes is related with the formation of B-type starch granules. Biological significanceAnalysed the proteome, transcriptome and phosphorylation of core starch granule biosynthesis enzymes and provided new insights into the differential mechanisms underlying the A-and B-type starch granules biosyntheses. A C C E P T E D

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Starch biosynthesis, its regulation and biotechnological approaches to improve crop yields

Cited by 221 publications

References 242 publications

Arabidopsis Responds to Alternaria alternata Volatiles by Triggering Plastid Phosphoglucose Isomerase-Independent Mechanisms

Arabidopsis Responds to Alternaria alternata Volatiles by Triggering Plastid Phosphoglucose Isomerase-Independent Mechanisms

Low humic acids promote in vitro lily bulblet enlargement by enhancing roots growth and carbohydrate metabolism

Comparative proteome analysis of A- and B-type starch granule-associated proteins in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Aegilops crassa

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