Starch characterisation and variability in GBSS loci of synthetic hexaploid wheats and their durum and Aegilops tauschii parents

Abstract

Greater variability in starch properties is found in lower ploidy wheats than in commercial hexaploid wheats. This paper reports on the starch properties and variability in granule bound starch synthase (GBSS) loci of 17 diploid (Aegilops tauschii) and 12 tetraploid (durums) potential progenitors of wheat, compared with 29 synthetic hexaploid wheats produced from such progenitors. Starch properties examined were granule size distribution, swelling power, amylose content, gelatinisation and amyloselipid dissociation properties. A PCR screening method was able to detect the presence or absence of each of the three GBSS genes. It also detected polymorphisms in eight diploids and nine hexaploids, all displaying the same 25 bases deletion in the D genome allele of GBSS. Two tetraploids and five hexaploids were null 4A for GBSS. There was little difference in the amylose contents and amylose-lipid dissociation peak temperatures of the synthetic hexaploids and the lower ploidy wheats. The synthetic hexaploids showed intermediate swelling power values with the durums giving the highest swelling powers. The durums also had higher B granule contents than the A. tauschii accessions, but not as high as the synthetics. However, the A. tauschii samples gave the highest gelatinisation peak temperatures. The presence of the null 4A mutation was positively correlated with swelling power, amylose content and DSC measurements. The new smaller D genome allele of GBSS was associated Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (with slightly higher swelling power. These results confirm the value of wheat progenitor lines as sources of new starch properties for hexaploid wheat.

New broad-spectrum resistance to septoria tritici blotch derived from synthetic hexaploid wheat

“…The resulting synthesized hexaploids provide a rich source of genetic variation and can be readily hybridized with elite bread wheat cultivars and germplasm. Breeders have exploited these sources for resistance to a wide range of biotic and abiotic stresses (Adhikari et al 2003; Arraiano et al 2001b; Assefa and Fehrmann 1998, 2000, 2004; Berzonsky et al 2004; Cakmak et al 1999; Genc and McDonald 2004; Gororo et al 2001; Konik-Rose et al 2009; Lage et al 2003, 2004; Lage and Trethowan 2008; Mujeeb-Kazi et al 2001a, b; Sotelo et al 2009; Xu et al 2004, 2006). Here, we further investigate the potential of SHs and derived breeding lines as sources of resistance to M. graminicola in commercial resistance breeding programs.…”

Characterization of starch synthetic genes and starch granule during seeds development between synthetic hexaploid wheat and its parents

“…The previous research showed that the synthetic hexaploid wheats had intermediate swelling power values, and tetraploid durums had the highest swelling powers, and the diploid Ae. tauschii had the highest gelatinisation peak temperatures ( Konik-Rose et al 2009).…”

“…The utilization of novel alleles of starch synthase genes in germplasm resources is very valuable for wheat breeding (Konik-Rose et al 2009;Guzmán et al 2011). These alleles could strongly affect the characterizations of starch for use in both food and non-food industries (Martin and Smith 1995).…”

“…It has been suggested that the tetraploid parents often exert greater influence on the properties of the synthetic hexaploid than diploid parents (Gororoet al 2001). The little difference in the amylose contents and amylose-lipid dissociation peak temperatures between synthetic hexaploid wheat and lower ploidy wheats was also observed (Konik-Rose et al 2009). However, there are only a few reports on the starch properties of synthetic hexaploid wheat and their parents (Gororoet al 2001;Konik-Rose et al 2009).…”

Storage products and transcriptional analysis of the endosperm of cultivated wheat and two wild wheat species

“…Still, in some instances, polymorphisms within starch genes that discriminate between wild and cultivated wheat have been identified Konik-Rose et al 2009;Shapter et al 2009), and several starch genes show strong purifying selection in maize (Manicacci et al 2007;Whitt et al 2002), sorghum (Hamblin et al 2007) and rice (Tian et al 2009). These studies focused on a limited subset of genes.…”