Static and dynamic Fresnel zone lenses for optical interconnections

Abstract

Static and dynamic Fresnel zone lenses were fabricated in quartz glass by means of microstructuring techniques. Two types of on-axis and off-axis lenses with different focal lengths and of different apertures were designed to operate at wavelengths of 1.52 mu m and 633 nm. The blazed profile of the on- axis and off-axis lenses was approximated by up to 16 and up to four discrete levels respectively. Dynamic, that is electrically switchable, lenses have been realized by filling the structured surface with a liquid crystal. The optical properties of the lenses, such as the focal spot sizes and the diffraction efficiencies, were investigated. Further the switching behaviour of the dynamic lenses was studied. The design and fabrication of the static and dynamic, on- and off-axis Fresnel zone lenses as well as their optical and switching properties will be presented

Polarization-independent adaptive lens with two different blue-phase liquid-crystal layers

“…Liquid-crystal (LC) adaptive lenses with tunable focal length have found useful applications in autofocusing [1,2], 2D/3D switchable displays [3][4][5][6], and tunable photonic devices [7,8]. The majority of such adaptive lenses employ nematic LCs because of their high birefringence, simple alignment, and low operation voltage.…”

Characterization and correction of spherical aberration due to glass substrate in the design and fabrication of Fresnel zone lenses

“…Fresnel zone lenses (FZLs) have been widely used for various applications from focusing x rays to optical trapping [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. FZLs for applications in the ultraviolet and visible part of the EM spectrum are mostly fabricated on glass substrates.…”

Fresnel lens based on silicon nanowires

“…Fresnel lenses with their flat surfaces and small volumes are attractive for focusing, collimating and bending light in miniaturized optical systems and integrated optics [1][2][3][4][5]. Unlike curved lenses or mirrors, Fresnel lenses/zone plates use diffraction instead of refraction or reflection.…”