Statin Effects on Vascular Calcification

Xian, Joshua Zhaojun; Lu, Mimi; Fong, Felicia; Qiao, Rong; Patel, Nikhil Rajesh; Abeydeera, Dishan; Iriana, Sidney; Demer, Linda L.; Tintut, Yin

doi:10.1161/atvbaha.120.315737

Cited by 27 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…22 Xian et al examined the effect of statin use on mice and found that pravastatin use may alter the progression and microarchitectural features of vascular calcium deposits. 23 Nevertheless, our study cannot determine the cause–effect relationship as to whether statin use elevated the CAC or CAC as a direct or indirect cause for statin use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Mean Platelet Volume as a Predictor of Coronary Artery Disease Severity and its Association With Coronary Artery Calcification

Amsalem

Asher

Blaufeld

et al. 2023

Clin Appl Thromb Hemost

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Coronary calcium score (CCS) is a highly sensitive marker for estimating coronary artery calcification (CAC) and detecting coronary artery disease (CAD). Mean platelet volume (MPV (is a platelet indicator that represent platelet stimulation and production. The aim of the current study was to examine the association between MPV values and CAC. We examined 290 patients who underwent coronary computerized tomography (CT) exam between the years 2017 and 2020 in a tertiary care medical center. Only patients evaluated for chest pain were included. The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) CAC calculator was used to categorize patients CCS by age, gender, and ethnicity to CAC severity percentiles (<50, 50-74, 75-89, ≥90). Thereafter, the association between CAC percentile and MPV on admission was evaluated. Out of 290 patients, 251 (87%) met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. There was a strong association between higher MPV and higher CAC percentile ( P = .009). The 90th CAC percentile was associated with the highest prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, dyslipidemia, and statin therapy ( P = .002, .003, .001, and .001, respectively). In a multivariate analysis (including age, gender, DM, hypertension, statin therapy, and low-density lipoprotein level) MPV was found to be an independent predictor of CAC percentile (OR 1.55-2.65, P < .001). Higher MPV was found to be an independent predictor for CAC severity. These findings could further help clinicians detect patients at risk for CAD using a simple and routine blood test.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Mean Platelet Volume as a Predictor of Coronary Artery Disease Severity and its Association With Coronary Artery Calcification

Amsalem

Asher

Blaufeld

et al. 2023

Clin Appl Thromb Hemost

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“…245 There is also a study reported that pravastatin can alter the microarchitecture of aortic calcium deposits to protect against VC. 246 Clinical studies also show disparate results. The PARADIGM Study sought to elucidate the effect of statins on coronary atherosclerotic plaques.…”

Section: Statins and Vcmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is study found that statins are capable of promoting atherosclerotic calcification through the disinhibition of a macrophage Rac1‐IL‐1β signaling axis 245 . There is also a study reported that pravastatin can alter the microarchitecture of aortic calcium deposits to protect against VC 246 . Clinical studies also show disparate results.…”

Section: Potential Therapeutic Strategies Of Vcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular calcification: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions

Pan

Jie

Huang

2023

MedComm

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Vascular calcification (VC) is recognized as a pathological vascular disorder associated with various diseases, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, aortic valve stenosis, coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, as well as chronic kidney disease. Therefore, it is a life‐threatening state for human health. There were several studies targeting mechanisms of VC that revealed the importance of vascular smooth muscle cells transdifferentiating, phosphorous and calcium milieu, as well as matrix vesicles on the progress of VC. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of VC need to be elucidated. Though there is no acknowledged effective therapeutic strategy to reverse or cure VC clinically, recent evidence has proved that VC is not a passive irreversible comorbidity but an active process regulated by many factors. Some available approaches targeting the underlying molecular mechanism provide promising prospects for the therapy of VC. This review aims to summarize the novel findings on molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions of VC, including the role of inflammatory responses, endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, iron homeostasis, metabolic imbalance, and some related signaling pathways on VC progression. We also conclude some recent studies on controversial interventions in the clinical practice of VC, such as calcium channel blockers, renin–angiotensin system inhibitions, statins, bisphosphonates, denosumab, vitamins, and ion conditioning agents.

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“…Vascular calcification accompanies aging and atherosclerosis, but hitherto, it has not been a direct therapeutic target [ 178 ]. In this context, ECM-focused therapies may be explored to expand ongoing efforts limited to skin aging [ 179 ].…”

Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Crosstalk between Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and the Aged Extracellular Matrix

Ribeiro-Silva

Nolasco

Krieger

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Vascular aging is accompanied by the fragmentation of elastic fibers and collagen deposition, leading to reduced distensibility and increased vascular stiffness. A rigid artery facilitates elastin to degradation by MMPs, exposing vascular cells to greater mechanical stress and triggering signaling mechanisms that only exacerbate aging, creating a self-sustaining inflammatory environment that also promotes vascular calcification. In this review, we highlight the role of crosstalk between smooth muscle cells and the vascular extracellular matrix (ECM) and how aging promotes smooth muscle cell phenotypes that ultimately lead to mechanical impairment of aging arteries. Understanding the underlying mechanisms and the role of associated changes in ECM during aging may contribute to new approaches to prevent or delay arterial aging and the onset of cardiovascular diseases.

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Statin Effects on Vascular Calcification

Cited by 27 publications

References 46 publications

Mean Platelet Volume as a Predictor of Coronary Artery Disease Severity and its Association With Coronary Artery Calcification

Mean Platelet Volume as a Predictor of Coronary Artery Disease Severity and its Association With Coronary Artery Calcification

Vascular calcification: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions

Dynamic Crosstalk between Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and the Aged Extracellular Matrix

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