Statistic and Analytical Strategies for HLA Data

Abstract

Hardy-Weinberg law: The Hardy-Weinberg law is also referred to as the hereditary equilibrium law or genetic equilibrium law. The basis of the Hardy-Weinberg law is as follows: in an infinite, randomly mating group, when there is no migration, mutation, selection, or genetic drift, the genotype frequency and gene frequency at a locus in the group will remain unchanged generation by generation, achieving a genetic equilibrium state, known as the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. This law was proposed by G.H. Hardy, a British mathematician, and W. Weinberg, a German medical scientist, in 1908.The factors that influence the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium are as follows:1. Mutation: Under natural conditions, the rate of gene mutation caused by the reparation effects of DNA replicase is 1×10 -6 -10 -8 /gamete/locus/generation in higher animals, demonstrating that the frequency of natural mutation is very low.