Statistical Evaluation of Conventional and Portable Instrumentations for Cr(VI) Analysis on Chemistry Laboratory Waste Water

Abstract

The development of portable instrumentation for heavy metals analysis was increased rapidly. However, the quality of data from portable methods has so far been questioned when compared to conventional instrumentation. In this research, a comparative study of conventional and portable instrumentations for Cr(VI) analysis on liquid waste water of Chemistry Laboratory at Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) was conducted. This research started with validation and statistical evaluation of instrumentation methods which are UV-Visible spectrophotometer, portable spectrophotometer (PiCOEXPLORER) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometer (ICP-AES). The validation methods consist of determination of linearity, sensitivity, limit of detection and limit of quantification. The results showed that the validation methods of ICP-AES were better than PiCOEXPLORER and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Based on t-test, it was obtained that the result of Cr(VI) analyses with the comparison of UV-Vis and PiCOEXPLORER, ICP-AES and PiCOEXPLORER, and UV-Vis and ICP-AES; there were no significant difference (tcount< ttable). The ANOVA test (F test) results showed that the Fcount value is less than Ftable so that the results of Cr(VI) analysis in the standard solution and liquid waste samples measured by three instrumentations. Thus, it was concluded that portable instrumentations was good and gives the same quality as conventional instrumentations (UV-Vis and ICP AES).

Development of Soil Sample Preparation by Means Acid Digestion without Heating with Teflon Method for Nickel Analysis

“…The instrument has several advantages such as possible on-site usage, lower prices, higher efficiency of instrument use time, smaller energy requirements, and smaller size so that it is easier to carry compared to instruments in the laboratory for calculating heavy metal content in the soil. With its advantages, the portable instrument is very useful for the purposes of heavy metal analysis in the field, especially in remote areas, difficult to reach, and great distances from the nearest laboratory [1]. The instrument will also be very useful when fast data is needed regarding heavy metal content in the soil.…”