Stem cell therapy as a promising strategy in necrotizing enterocolitis

Di, Si-Jia; Wu, Siyuan; Liu, Tianjing; Shi, Yongyan

doi:10.1186/s10020-022-00536-y

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 111 publications

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“…In recent years, stem cell therapy has emerged as a promising approach for treating various diseases, including gastrointestinal diseases. Animal research has made significant progress in understanding the potential benefits of stem cells in treating NEC[ 14 ]. UCMSCs are extensively employed in investigations owing to their convenient accessibility and noninvasive isolation technique.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell exosomes alleviate necrotizing enterocolitis in neonatal mice by regulating intestinal epithelial cells autophagy

Zhu,

He,

Duan

et al. 2024

World J Stem Cells

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BACKGROUND Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe gastrointestinal disease that affects premature infants. Although mounting evidence supports the therapeutic effect of exosomes on NEC, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. AIM To investigate the mechanisms underlying the regulation of inflammatory response and intestinal barrier function by umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (UCMSCs) exosomes, as well as their potential in alleviating NEC in neonatal mice. METHODS NEC was induced in 5-d-old C57BL/6 pups through hypoxia and gavage feeding of formula containing lipopolysaccharide (LPS), after which the mice received human UCMSC exosomes (hUCMSC-exos). The control mice were allowed to breastfeed with their dams. Ileal tissues were collected from the mice and analyzed by histopathology and immunoblotting. Colon tissues were collected from NEC neonates and analyzed by immunofluorescence. Molecular biology and cell culture approaches were employed to study the related mechanisms in intestinal epithelial cells. RESULTS We found that autophagy is overactivated in intestinal epithelial cells during NEC, resulting in reduced expression of tight junction proteins and an increased inflammatory response. The ability of hUCMSC-exos to ameliorate NEC in a mouse model was dependent on decreased intestinal autophagy. We also showed that hUCMSC-exos alleviate the inflammatory response and increase migration ability in intestinal epithelial cells induced by LPS. CONCLUSION These results contribute to a better understanding of the protective mechanisms of hUCMSC-exos against NEC and provide a new theoretical and experimental foundation for NEC treatment. These findings also enhance our understanding of the role of the autophagy mechanism in NEC, offering potential avenues for identifying new therapeutic targets.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell exosomes alleviate necrotizing enterocolitis in neonatal mice by regulating intestinal epithelial cells autophagy

Zhu,

He,

Duan

et al. 2024

World J Stem Cells

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Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cell therapy for a neonate with congenital diaphragmatic hernia and adhesive small bowel obstruction

Yıldırım,

Kandırıcı

2024

Turk J Pediatr

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Background. In the last decade, therapy using multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has offered hope for regenerating the lungs of preterm babies with chronic lung disease. Due to similar disease mechanisms, it is logical to explore the potential impact of MSC therapy on pulmonary hypoplasia in congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Furthermore, MSCs may also contribute to the regeneration of the intestines affected by adhesive small bowel obstruction in patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Case presentation. A female newborn, delivered at 32 weeks and six days gestational age, was diagnosed with a left congenital diaphragmatic hernia. After surgical repair and respiratory/nutritional support for 39 days, she was still dependent on a ventilator and total parenteral nutrition. Two MSC treatments were given a week apart: 10 million cells/kg intratracheally and 5 million cells/kg intravenously. She was extubated, and her enteral nutrition improved after the treatment. No side effects were detected. We present the first documented case using MSCs derived from the umbilical cord to simultaneously treat pulmonary hypoplasia and adhesive small bowel obstruction of congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Conclusion. Although MSC treatment is very promising for pulmonary hypoplasia and adhesive small bowel disease of congenital diaphragmatic hernia, much more needs to be learned about potential side effects, appropriate dosage, and the optimal method of administration.

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The Oxidative Stress and Nervous Distress Connection in Gastrointestinal Disorders

Stavely,

Ott,

Rashidi

et al. 2023

Biomolecules

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Oxidative stress is increasingly recognized as a central player in a range of gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, as well as complications stemming from therapeutic interventions. This article presents an overview of the mechanisms of oxidative stress in GI conditions and highlights a link between oxidative insult and disruption to the enteric nervous system (ENS), which controls GI functions. The dysfunction of the ENS is characteristic of a spectrum of disorders, including neurointestinal diseases and conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), diabetic gastroparesis, and chemotherapy-induced GI side effects. Neurons in the ENS, while essential for normal gut function, appear particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage. Mechanistically, oxidative stress in enteric neurons can result from intrinsic nitrosative injury, mitochondrial dysfunction, or inflammation-related pathways. Although antioxidant-based therapies have shown limited efficacy, recognizing the multifaceted role of oxidative stress in GI diseases offers a promising avenue for future interventions. This comprehensive review summarizes the literature to date implicating oxidative stress as a critical player in the pathophysiology of GI disorders, with a focus on its role in ENS injury and dysfunction, and highlights opportunities for the development of targeted therapeutics for these diseases.

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Stem cell therapy as a promising strategy in necrotizing enterocolitis

Cited by 4 publications

References 111 publications

Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell exosomes alleviate necrotizing enterocolitis in neonatal mice by regulating intestinal epithelial cells autophagy

Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell exosomes alleviate necrotizing enterocolitis in neonatal mice by regulating intestinal epithelial cells autophagy

Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cell therapy for a neonate with congenital diaphragmatic hernia and adhesive small bowel obstruction

The Oxidative Stress and Nervous Distress Connection in Gastrointestinal Disorders

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