Stemflow contribution to the ‘fertile island’ effect in creosotebush,Larrea tridentata

Whitford, Walter G.; Anderson, John P.; Rice, P.M.

doi:10.1006/jare.1996.0164

Cited by 214 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Germer et al (2007) (Germer et al, 2007) as well as the distance to industrial pollution emission sources (Levia et al, 2011a) and (for Cl À ), the great distance to the Atlantic and hence low influence by maritime air masses (Germer et al, 2007). Our stemflow concentrations of K þ , NO À 3 , H þ , and Cl À fell within the range of reported values (Abas et al, 1992;Chiwa et al, 2010;Chuyong et al, 2004;Laclau et al, 2003;Liu et al, 2003;Muoghalu, 2003;Olsen et al, 1981;Rodrigo et al, 2003;Tobón et al, 2004;Whitford et al, 1997). Even though this study was based on just nine events, the results are broadly representative for the wet season, because no differences were found in rainfall and throughfall solute concentrations between this study and respective wet season solute concentrations found in a previous study of rainfall and throughfall chemistry at this site based on 22 events that included the nine events from this study ( Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Our high enrichment ratios more likely resulted from comparatively lower concentrations in rainfall than from higher stemflow concentrations compared with other studies. Even though our rainfall K þ concentrations fell within the reported range of comparable studies, our NO À 3 , H þ , and Cl À rainfall concentrations were lower (Abas et al, 1992;Chiwa et al, 2010;Chuyong et al, 2004;Laclau et al, 2003;Liu et al, 2003;Muoghalu, 2003;Olsen et al, 1981;Rodrigo et al, 2003;Tobón et al, 2004;Whitford et al, 1997). The dry season NO À 3 rainfall concentrations at our site (Germer et al, 2007), however, were similar to annual values reported by Tobón et al (2004).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

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Disproportionate single-species contribution to canopy-soil nutrient flux in an Amazonian rainforest

Germer

Zimmermann

Neill

et al. 2012

Forest Ecology and Management

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Disproportionate single-species contribution to canopy-soil nutrient flux in an Amazonian rainforest

Germer

Zimmermann

Neill

et al. 2012

Forest Ecology and Management

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“…They have developed effective physiological drought tolerance by reducing water loss, e.g., through adjusting their photosynthetic and transpiration rate by regulating stomatal conductance and abscisic acid (ABA), titling their osmotic equilibrium by regulating the concentration of soluble sugars and inorganic ions, and removing free radicals (Ma et al, 2004. The stemflow, a vital ecohydrological flux, is involved in replenishing soil water at shallow and deep layers (Pressland, 1973), particularly the root zone (Whitford et al, 1997;Dunkerley, 2000;Yang, 2010), even during light rains (Li et al, 2009). It might allow the endemic shrubs to remain physically active during drought spells (Navar and Bryan, 1990;Navar, 2011).…”

Section: Yuan Et Al: Comparisons Of Stemflow and Its Bio-/abioticmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The summer rains ≥ 3 mm were usually necessary to elevate rates of carbon fixation in some higher plants in southern Utah, USA (Schwinning et al, 2003), or for biological crusts to have a net carbon gain at eastern Utah, USA . That benefited the formation and maintenance of the "fertile islands" (Whitford et al, 1997), "resource islands" (Reynolds et al, 1999) or "hydrologic islands" (Rango et al, 2006). Therefore, a smaller precipitation threshold might entitle C. korshinskii with more available water at the root zone, because stemflow functioned as an important source of Note: BD is the branch basal diameter; P is the precipitation amount; CK and SP are the abbreviations of C. korshinskii and S. psammophila, respectively.…”

Section: Effects Of Precipitation Threshold To Produce Stemflowmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The double-funnelling effects of stemflow and preferential flow create "hot spots" and "hot moments" by enhancing nutrient cycling rates at the surface soil matrix (Mcclain et al, 2003;Johnson and Lehmann, 2006;Sponseller, 2007), thus substantially contributing to the formation and maintenance of "fertile islands" (Whitford et al, 1997), "resource islands" (Reynolds et al, 1999) or "hydrologic islands" (Rango et al, 2006). This effect is important for the normal function of rainfed dryland ecosystems (Wang et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparisons of stemflow and its bio-/abiotic influential factors between two xerophytic shrub species

Yuan

Gao

2017

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Stemflow transports nutrient-enriched precipitation to the rhizosphere and functions as an efficient terrestrial flux in water-stressed ecosystems. However, its ecological significance has generally been underestimated because it is relatively limited in amount, and the biotic mechanisms that affect it have not been thoroughly studied at the leaf scale. This study was conducted during the 2014 and 2015 rainy seasons at the northern Loess Plateau of China. We measured the branch stemflow volume (SF b ), shrub stemflow equivalent water depth (SF d ), stemflow percentage of incident precipitation (SF %), stemflow productivity (SFP), funnelling ratio (FR), the meteorological characteristics and the plant traits of branches and leaves of C. korshinskii and S. psammophila. This study evaluated stemflow efficiency for the first time with the combined results of SFP and FR, and sought to determine the inter-and intra-specific differences of stemflow yield and efficiency between the two species, as well as the specific bio-/abiotic mechanisms that affected stemflow. The results indicated that C. korshinskii had a greater stemflow yield and efficiency at all precipitation levels than that of S. psammophila. The largest inter-specific difference generally occurred at the 5-10 mm branches during rains of ≤ 2 mm. Precipitation amount was the most influential meteorological characteristic that affected stemflow yield and efficiency in these two endemic shrub species. Branch angle was the most influential plant trait on FR. For SF b , stem biomass and leaf biomass were the most influential plant traits for C. korshinskii and S. psammophila, respectively. For SFP of these two shrub species, leaf traits (the individual leaf area) and branch traits (branch size and biomass allocation pattern) had a great influence during lighter rains ≤ 10 mm and heavier rains > 15 mm, respectively. The lower precipitation threshold to start stemflow allowed C. korshinskii (0.9 mm vs. 2.1 mm for S. psammophila) to employ more rains to harvest water via stemflow. The beneficial leaf traits (e.g., leaf shape, arrangement, area, amount) might partly explain the greater stemflow production of C. korshinskii. Comparison of SF b between the foliated and manually defoliated shrubs during the 2015 rainy season indicated that the newly exposed branch surface at the defoliated period and the resulting rainfall intercepting effects might be an important mechanism affecting stemflow in the dormant season.

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P is for persistence: Soil phosphorus remains elevated for more than a decade after old field restoration

Parkhurst

Standish

Prober

2022

Ecological Applications

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Understanding constraints to ecological restoration on former agricultural land has become increasingly important due to agricultural land degradation in the developed world, and growing evidence for enduring agricultural legacies that limit native species recovery. In particular, the removal of native plant biomass and subsequent disturbance of soil properties through farming activities can alter soil ecosystem processes. Planting of native plant species is a common approach to restoring native vegetation on agricultural land and is assumed to benefit soil ecosystem processes, but the degree to which altered soil chemical processes recover is poorly documented. We investigated recovery of soil chemical properties after restoration in semiarid Western Australia, hypothesizing that elevated nutrient concentrations would gradually decline post planting, but available phosphorus (P) concentrations would remain higher than reference conditions. We used a space-for-time substitution approach, comparing 10 planted old field plots with matched fallow cropland and reference woodlands. Sampling on planted old fields and reference woodland plots was stratified into open patches and under tree canopy to account for consistent differences between these areas. The most prominent legacy of cropping was significantly and substantially higher concentrations of soil available P in fallow croplands and restored old fields compared with reference woodlands. Soil mineral nitrogen (N) concentrations were elevated in fallow croplands compared to open patches in reference woodlands (ammonium and nitrate) and under the tree canopy (ammonium). However, in restored old fields, mineral N concentrations were similar to woodland sites, providing evidence for amelioration over time. No significant differences in nutrient concentrations under tree canopies compared with open patches had developed in the planted old fields, despite a distinction between open patches and he under ttree canopy in reference woodlands for total N. We conclude that soil P legacies in old fields may inhibit the recolonization of native species that are sensitive to, or uncompetitive at, elevated P concentrations. To achieve full recovery, further research is required to test restoration practices aimed at reducing soil P concentrations to facilitate native plant establishment and persistence.

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Stemflow contribution to the ‘fertile island’ effect in creosotebush,Larrea tridentata

Cited by 214 publications

References 16 publications

Disproportionate single-species contribution to canopy-soil nutrient flux in an Amazonian rainforest

Disproportionate single-species contribution to canopy-soil nutrient flux in an Amazonian rainforest

Comparisons of stemflow and its bio-/abiotic influential factors between two xerophytic shrub species

P is for persistence: Soil phosphorus remains elevated for more than a decade after old field restoration

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