Stereoacuity, Fusional Vergence Amplitudes, and Refractive Errors Prior to Treatment in Patients with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Karaca, Irmak; Biler, Elif Demirkilinc; Palamar, Melis; Özbaran, Burcu; Üretmen, Önder

doi:10.4274/tjo.galenos.2019.17802

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Seven studies analyzing the prevalence of vision disorders in people with and without ADHD were included in the meta-analyses (see Supplementary 7 ). Among these, four investigated astigmatism [ 24 – 26 , 28 ], five hyperopia and hypermetropia [ 24 – 28 ], four myopia [ 24 , 26 – 28 ], two reduced near point of convergence [ 24 , 27 ], three strabismus [ 24 – 26 ] and three general vision problems [ 24 , 51 , 52 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Işik and Kaygisiz [ 56 ] 58 ADHD; 44 no-ADHD Children and adolescents Ganglion cell layer thickness; intraocular pressure; macular thickness; retinal nerve fiber layer thickness No significant differences in IOP, global RNFL thickness, central macular thickness, and GCL thickness. Karaca et al [ 28 ] 23 ADHD; 48 no-ADHD Children and adolescents Astigmatism; hyperopia/hypermetropia; myopia; convergence and divergence angle; stereoacuity Lower stereoacuity in ADHD. Kim et al [ 32 ] 30 ADHD; 30 no-ADHD Adults Color discrimination; contrast sensitivity; Visual symptoms Increased difficulties in discriminating blue and red, in females with ADHD vs. no-ADHD.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maron et al [ 20 ] recently confirmed the presence of oculomotor disturbances in people with ADHD compared to neurotypical individuals, especially for saccade inhibition and control, and visuo-spatial memory; considering that their systematic review and meta-analysis was published in 2021, we decided to not include, in our study, any study investigating eye movements in ADHD. There is also evidence of increased prevalence of vision problems [ 21 – 23 ] and disorders of vision such as strabismus [ 24 – 26 ], hyperopia [ 24 , 27 , 28 ], astigmatism [ 25 , 26 , 28 ], altered contrast sensitivity [ 29 , 30 ] and color vision [ 31 – 36 ] in ADHD. However, as of today, no meta-analysis has been conducted to systematically investigate the prevalence of vision disorders in ADHD, or whether ADHD is more prevalent in people with vision problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between ADHD and vision problems. A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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Aim To conduct the first systematic review and meta-analysis assessing whether attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with disorders of the eye, and/or altered measures of visual function. Method Based on a pre-registered protocol (PROSPERO: CRD42021256352), we searched PubMed, Web of Knowledge/Science, Ovid Medline, Embase and APA PsycINFO up to 16th November 2021, with no language/type of document restrictions. We included observational studies reporting at least one measure of vision in people of any age meeting DSM/ICD criteria for ADHD and in people without ADHD; or the prevalence of ADHD in people with and without vision disorders. Study quality was assessed with the Appraisal tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS). Random effects meta-analyses were used for data synthesis. Results We included 42 studies in the narrative synthesis and 35 studies in the meta-analyses (3,250,905 participants). We found meta-analytic evidence of increased risk of astigmatism (OR = 1.79 [CI: 1.50, 2.14]), hyperopia and hypermetropia (OR = 1.79 [CI: 1.66, 1.94]), strabismus (OR = 1.93 [CI: 1.75, 2.12]), unspecified vision problems (OR = 1.94 [CI: 1.38, 2.73]) and reduced near point of convergence (OR = 5.02 [CI: 1.78, 14.11]); increased lag (Hedge’s g = 0.63 [CI: 0.30, 0.96]) and variability (Hedge’s g = 0.40 [CI: 0.17, 0.64]) of the accommodative response; and increased self-reported vision problems (Hedge’s g = 0.63 [CI: 0.44, 0.82]) in people with ADHD compared to those without ADHD (with no significant heterogeneity). We also found meta-analytic evidence of no differences between people with and without ADHD on retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (Hedge’s g = −0.19 [CI: −0.41, 0.02]) and refractive error (Hedge’s g = 0.08 [CI: −0.26, 0.42]) (with no significant heterogeneity). Discussion ADHD is associated with some self-reported and objectively ascertained functional vision problems, but not with structural alterations of the eye. Further studies should clarify the causal relationship, if any, between ADHD and problems of vision. Trial registration PROSPERO registration: CRD42021256352.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between ADHD and vision problems. A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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“…The prevalence of ADHD was reported as 2%-18% in different studies. The characteristics of ADHD are inattention, increased hyperactivity, impulsivity, and lack of controlling inappropriate behaviors [1]. To date, several studies have been conducted in children with ADHD in terms of ocular abnormalities such as refractive errors, ocular pathologies, and ocular side effects of agents, methylphenidate, and atomoxetine used for the treatment of ADHD [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yeni tanı konmuş dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu olan çocuklarda fotoscreener ve el tipi otorefraktometrenin sikloplejik otorefraktometri ile karşılaştırılması

Yalınbaş

Bozali

Kara³

et al. 2022

Pam Tıp Derg

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Purpose: To compare non-cycloplegic refraction measurements of two photoscreeners and the hand-held autorefractometer with cycloplegic measurements of the autorefractometer in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Meterials and methods: This cross-sectional, comparative study consisted of 53 children who were newly diagnosed with ADHD. We compared spherical, cylindrical, cylindrical axis and spherical equivalent (SE) measurements in Plusoptix A12, Spot Vision Screener, and Retinomax K-plus Screen with Tonoref II. Reliability was analyzed by using the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman plot was used to evaluate the agreement between devices. Results: The mean age of children was 9.45 ± 1.68. All of the devices measured spherical power and SE significantly more myopic than the Tonoref II. While The Spot Vision Screener, PlusoptiX A12, and Tonoref II provided similar cylindrical power, Retinomax K-plus Screen measured significantly lower than the Tonoref II. The excellent reliability was detected in spherical power, cylindrical power, SE and J0 between Tonoref II and PlusoptiX A12 (ICC:0.930, 0.921, 0.927 and 0.920, respectively. All of the hand-held devices showed excellent reliability in terms of cylindrical power and J0 (ICC>0.90, for all) and good reliability for J45 (ICC:0.75-0.90 for all). Conclusion: Despite all devices having advantages or disadvantages, Plusoptix A12 showed excellent reliability for detecting refractive errors in children with ADHD.

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“…The prevalance of ADHD was reported as 2%-18% in different studies. The characteristics of ADHD are inattention, increased hyperactivity, impulsivity, and lack of controlling inappropriate behaviors [1]. To date, several studies have been conducted in children with ADHD in terms of ocular abnormalities such as refractive errors, ocular pathologies, and ocular side effects of agents, methylphenidate, and atomoxetine used for the treatment of ADHD [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of photoscreeners and hand-held autorefractometer with cycloplegic autorefraction as a vision screening tool for children with newly diagnosed attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Yalınbaş

Kara

Sarı

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Purpose: To compare non-cycloplegic refraction measurements of two photoscreeners and the hand-held autorefractometer with cycloplegic measurements of the autorefractometer in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Methods: This cross-sectional, comparative study consisted of 53 children who were newly diagnosed with ADHD. We compared spherical, cylindrical, cylindrical axis and spherical equivalent (SE) measurements in Plusoptix A12, Spot Vision Screener, and Retinomax K-plus Screen with Tonoref II. Reliability was analyzed by using the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman plot was used to evaluate the agreement between devices.Results: The mean age of children was 9.45 ± 1.68. All of the devices measured spherical power and SE significantly more myopic than the Tonoref II. While The Spot Vision Screener, PlusoptiX A12, and Tonoref II provided similar cylindrical power, Retinomax K-plus Screen measured significantly lower than the Tonoref II. The excellent reliability was detected in spherical power, cylindrical power, SE and J0 between Tonoref II and PlusoptiX A12 (ICC:0.930, 0.921, 0.927 and 0.920, respectively. All of the hand-held devices showed excellent reliability in terms of cylindrical power and J0 (ICC>0.90, for all) and good reliability for J45 (ICC:0.75-0.90 for all).Conclusion: Despite all devices having advantages or disadvantages, Plusoptix A12 showed excellent reliability for detecting refractive errors in children with ADHD.

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Stereoacuity, Fusional Vergence Amplitudes, and Refractive Errors Prior to Treatment in Patients with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Cited by 7 publications

References 33 publications

Association between ADHD and vision problems. A systematic review and meta-analysis

Association between ADHD and vision problems. A systematic review and meta-analysis

Yeni tanı konmuş dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu olan çocuklarda fotoscreener ve el tipi otorefraktometrenin sikloplejik otorefraktometri ile karşılaştırılması

Comparison of photoscreeners and hand-held autorefractometer with cycloplegic autorefraction as a vision screening tool for children with newly diagnosed attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

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