Sterile iris abscess associated with herpes zoster ophthalmicus

Abstract

Purpose To report a case of a sterile iris abscess associated with herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO). Observations A 69-year-old African American female presented to SUNY Downstate Medical Center complaining of left-sided eye pain for two weeks. The patient had a best-corrected visual acuity of 20/30 OD and 20/200 OS. On external exam, vesicles were noted on the left upper lid and tip of the nose. Anterior segment exam was notable for decreased sensation without epithelial defects. The patient had 2+ stromal edema with 3+ cell and flare. The iris was flat with 1+ nuclear sclerosis OU. The intraocular pressure (IOP) was 14 mmHg OD and 40 mmHg OS. The patient was diagnosed with HZO with secondary uveitic glaucoma. At ten weeks, anterior segment inflammation resolved and IOP stabilized. However, an iris nodule was noted superior nasal which continued to enlarge by 16 weeks follow up. Iris ultrasound revealed a 3 × 3 mm elevated lesion with internal homogeneity suggestive of an abscess. At five months, a dense, mature cataract developed. The patient underwent cataract extraction with sector iridectomy. Gram staining and cultures were negative for organisms but positive for polymorphic neutrophils. Histopathology revealed fibrosis, surface necrosis, and stromal infiltration with chronic inflammatory cells consistent with chronic iritis and a sterile abscess secondary to HZO. Conclusions and Importance HZO is associated with a range of ocular sequelae with acquired iris nodule only mentioned once in the literature. As the second documented case, our findings will add to the general fund of knowledge regarding iris lesions and HZO.

Herpes zoster: A Review of Clinical Manifestations and Management

“…About 50-85% of HZO cases experience ocular complaints such as conjunctivitis, uveitis, episcleritis, keratitis, or retinitis [20,21]. Rare manifestations are the sterile iris abscess [22], oculomotoric nerve palsy [23], superior orbital fissure syndrome [24], orbital apex syndrome [25], and isolated nonreactive mydriasis [26].…”