Stillbirths: ending preventable deaths by 2030

Bernis, Luc de; Kinney, Mary; Stones, William; Hoope‐Bender, Petra ten; Vivio, Donna; Leisher, Susannah Hopkins; Bhutta, Zulfiqar Ahmed; Gülmezoglu, Metin; Mathai, Matthews; Belizán, José M.; Franco, Lynne Miller; McDougall, Lori; Zeitlin, Jennifer; Malata, Address; Dickson, Kim; Lawn, Joy E

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(15)00954-x

Cited by 325 publications

(300 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…By 28 weeks’ gestation approximately 1 in every 250 pregnancies will result in a stillbirth in high‐income countries, with rates in low‐ and middle‐income countries as high as 1 in 22. Stillbirth is the final common endpoint of several pathologies,2, 3 yet most are unexpected and many unexplained 4…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The antepartum stillbirth syndrome: risk factors and pregnancy conditions identified from the INTERGROWTH‐21^st Project

Hirst

Villar

Víctora

et al. 2016

BJOG

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ObjectivesTo identify risk factors for antepartum stillbirth, including fetal growth restriction, among women with well‐dated pregnancies and access to antenatal care.DesignPopulation‐based, prospective, observational study.SettingEight international urban populations.PopulationPregnant women and their babies enrolled in the Newborn Cross‐Sectional Study of the INTERGROWTH‐21st Project.MethodsCox proportional hazard models were used to compare risks among antepartum stillborn and liveborn babies.Main outcome measuresAntepartum stillbirth was defined as any fetal death after 16 weeks’ gestation before the onset of labour.ResultsOf 60 121 babies, 553 were stillborn (9.2 per 1000 births), of which 445 were antepartum deaths (7.4 per 1000 births). After adjustment for site, risk factors were low socio‐economic status, hazard ratio (HR): 1.6 (95% CI, 1.2–2.1); single marital status, HR 2.0 (95% CI, 1.4–2.8); age ≥40 years, HR 2.2 (95% CI, 1.4–3.7); essential hypertension, HR 4.0 (95% CI, 2.7–5.9); HIV/AIDS, HR 4.3 (95% CI, 2.0–9.1); pre‐eclampsia, HR 1.6 (95% CI, 1.1–3.8); multiple pregnancy, HR 3.3 (95% CI, 2.0–5.6); and antepartum haemorrhage, HR 3.3 (95% CI, 2.5–4.5). Birth weight <3rd centile was associated with antepartum stillbirth [HR, 4.6 (95% CI, 3.4–6.2)]. The greatest risk was seen in babies not suspected to have been growth restricted antenatally, with an HR of 5.0 (95% CI, 3.6–7.0). The population‐attributable risk of antepartum death associated with small‐for‐gestational‐age neonates diagnosed at birth was 11%.ConclusionsAntepartum stillbirth is a complex syndrome associated with several risk factors. Although small babies are at higher risk, current growth restriction detection strategies only modestly reduced the rate of stillbirth.Tweetable abstractInternational stillbirth study finds individual risks poor predictors of death but combinations promising.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The antepartum stillbirth syndrome: risk factors and pregnancy conditions identified from the INTERGROWTH‐21^st Project

Hirst

Villar

Víctora

et al. 2016

BJOG

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“…A morte de um filho traz grande impacto na vida dos pais, em âmbito pessoal, conjugal, familiar e social (1)(2)(3)(4)(5). Há características particulares quando esse filho é um neonato, por terem sido repentinamente truncadas as expectativas criadas durante a gestação (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Há características particulares quando esse filho é um neonato, por terem sido repentinamente truncadas as expectativas criadas durante a gestação (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Suporte aos pais que vivenciam a perda do filho neonato: revisão de literatura

Rodrigues¹,

Shimo²,

Carmona³

et al. 2018

Aquichan

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Objetivos: investigar y discutir publicaciones acerca del soporte relacionado al duelo de padres que vivencian la pérdida del hijo neonato. Material y método: revisión crítica de literatura con búsqueda en las bases de datos CINAHL, Embase, PubMed, PsycINFO y Scopus, de artículos publicados entre enero del 2010 y julio del 2017, utilizando análisis temática para el tratamiento de los datos recolectados. Resultados: se diseñaron tres categorías temáticas: 1) apoyo y soporte a los padres que vivencian la experiencia de la pérdida del hijo neonato; 2) sentimientos de los padres ante situaciones de muerte y duelo, y 3) participación de los padres en el proceso de tratamiento y pronóstico del hijo. Se destacaron algunas necesidades: mejor preparo de los profesionales, comunicación adecuada; formación de memoria del neonato, vínculo de los padres en el proceso de muerte. Conclusiones: se evidencia la diversidad cultural en la experiencia de duelo, la que se debe considerar en el cuidado al enlutado; la continuidad del vínculo con familiares luego del proceso de muerte/morir del neonato puede ser fuente de prevención de trastornos durante el duelo. Reflexionar sobre directrices, políticas y formación curricular ampliada puede traer diferencial al equipo de salud en la asistencia al duelo y, por ende, a la salud mental.

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“…19 In addition to preventive prenatal care, de Bernis et al 2016 state that half of all stillbirths occur during labor, partially due to lack of skilled birth attendance in low-income countries. Furthermore, the presence of skilled health professionals at delivery can have positive outcomes on early neonatal mortality (Moss et al 2002).…”

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confidence: 99%

Paying Patients for Prenatal Care: The Effect of a Small Cash Transfer on Stillbirths and Survival

Martínez¹,

Celhay²,

Vidal³

et al. 2017

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work is licensed under a Creative Commons IGO 3.0 AttributionNonCommercial-NoDerivatives (CC-IGO BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGO) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/igo/ legalcode) and may be reproduced with attribution to the IDB and for any non-commercial purpose, as provided below. No derivative work is allowed.Any dispute related to the use of the works of the IDB that cannot be settled amicably shall be submitted to arbitration pursuant to the UNCITRAL rules. The use of the IDB's name for any purpose other than for attribution, and the use of IDB's logo shall be subject to a separate written license agreement between the IDB and the user and is not authorized as part of this CC-IGO license.Following a peer review process, and with previous written consent by the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), a revised version of this work may also be reproduced in any academic journal, including those indexed by the American Economic Association's EconLit, provided that the IDB is credited and that the author(s) receive no income from the publication. Therefore, the restriction to receive income from such publication shall only extend to the publication's author(s). With regard to such restriction, in case of any inconsistency between the Creative Commons IGO 3.0 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives license and these statements, the latter shall prevail.Note that link provided above includes additional terms and conditions of the license.The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Inter-American Development Bank, its Board of Directors, or the countries they represent. Abstract:We study the effects of conditional cash transfers to pregnant women on stillbirths and child survival in Bolivia. Payments are conditional on compliance with medically recommended prenatal care and skilled birth attendance. At a value equivalent to just 1% of monthly household consumption, the payments are the smallest amongst national cash transfer programs in Latin America. Using multiple data sources and empirical methods, we show that the intervention reduced the average rate of stillbirths by 9.5% to 22.3%, and increased the survival rates of birth cohorts exposed to the program by 3.5% to 16.8%. The causal pathways of these effects are consistent with evidence of increased utilization of recommended health care services, including early initiation of prenatal care (17%), at least four prenatal visits (16%), and skilled birth attendance (15%). Given the modest transfer amounts and considerable effects on health care utilization, we posit that final health outcomes are likely driven by the health care conditionality, rather than an income effect. The intervention is highly cost-effective, at $184.54 per DALY averted, making the program's pay-per-compliance design a promising policy alternative.JEL codes: H51, I12, I38, J18, O15.

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Stillbirths: ending preventable deaths by 2030

Cited by 325 publications

References 58 publications

The antepartum stillbirth syndrome: risk factors and pregnancy conditions identified from the INTERGROWTH‐21^st Project

The antepartum stillbirth syndrome: risk factors and pregnancy conditions identified from the INTERGROWTH‐21^st Project

Suporte aos pais que vivenciam a perda do filho neonato: revisão de literatura

Paying Patients for Prenatal Care: The Effect of a Small Cash Transfer on Stillbirths and Survival

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Stillbirths: ending preventable deaths by 2030

Cited by 325 publications

References 58 publications

The antepartum stillbirth syndrome: risk factors and pregnancy conditions identified from the INTERGROWTH‐21st Project

The antepartum stillbirth syndrome: risk factors and pregnancy conditions identified from the INTERGROWTH‐21st Project

Suporte aos pais que vivenciam a perda do filho neonato: revisão de literatura

Paying Patients for Prenatal Care: The Effect of a Small Cash Transfer on Stillbirths and Survival

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The antepartum stillbirth syndrome: risk factors and pregnancy conditions identified from the INTERGROWTH‐21^st Project

The antepartum stillbirth syndrome: risk factors and pregnancy conditions identified from the INTERGROWTH‐21^st Project