Stimulus Perception and Signaling in Histidine Kinases

Two‐component systems (TCS) play a pivotal role for bacteria in stress regulation and adaptation. However, it is not well understood how these systems are modulated to meet bacterial demands. Especially, for those TCS using an accessory protein to integrate additional signals, no data concerning the role of the accessory proteins within the coordination of the response is available. The Cpx envelope stress two‐component system, composed of the sensor kinase CpxA and the response regulator CpxR, is orchestrated by the periplasmic protein CpxP which detects misfolded envelope proteins and inhibits the Cpx system in unstressed cells. Using selected reaction monitoring, we observed that the amount of CpxA and CpxR, as well as their stoichiometry, are only marginally affected, but that a 10‐fold excess of CpxP over CpxA is needed to switch off the Cpx system. Moreover, the relative quantification of the proteome identified not only acid stress response as a new indirect target of the Cpx system, but also suggests a general function of the Cpx system for cell wall stability.

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“…; Gao and Stock ). Some TCSs are additionally modulated by an accessory protein (Buelow and Raivio ; Heermann and Jung ; Krell et al. ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Molecular and proteome analyses highlight the importance of the Cpx envelope stress system for acid stress and cell wall stability in Escherichia coli

et al. 2016

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“…Escherichia coli encodes 32 RRs and 30 HKs. Although many of these are well characterized (25), almost nothing is known about the YehU/ YehT system (see Fig. 1).…”

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confidence: 99%

First Insights into the Unexplored Two-Component System YehU/YehT in Escherichia coli

et al. 2012

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“…Transfer of the phosphoryl group to a conserved aspartate in the cognate RR mediates the intracellular response, generally an alteration in gene expression (1). In Escherichia coli, 30 HKs and 32 RRs have been annotated, and most of these have been studied extensively (2).…”

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Identification of a Target Gene and Activating Stimulus for the YpdA/YpdB Histidine Kinase/Response Regulator System in Escherichia coli

Fried¹,

Behr²,

Jung³

2012

Journal of Bacteriology

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Escherichia coli contains 30 two-component systems (TCSs), each consisting of a histidine kinase and a response regulator. Whereas most TCSs are well characterized in this model organism, little is known about the YpdA/YpdB system. To identify YpdB-regulated genes, we compared the transcriptomes of E. coli cells overproducing either YpdB or a control protein. Expression levels of 15 genes differed by more than 1.9-fold between the two strains. A comprehensive evaluation of these genes identified yhjX as the sole target of YpdB. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays with purified YpdB confirmed its interaction with the yhjX promoter. Specifically, YpdB binds to two direct repeats of the motif GGCATTTCAT separated by an 11-bp spacer in the yhjX promoter. yhjX encodes a cytoplasmic membrane protein of unknown function that belongs to the major facilitator superfamily of transporters. Finally, we characterized the pattern of yhjX expression and identified extracellular pyruvate as a stimulus for the YpdA/YpdB system. It is suggested that YpdA/YpdB contributes to nutrient scavenging before entry into stationary phase.

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Stimulus Perception and Signaling in Histidine Kinases

Cited by 13 publications

References 175 publications

Molecular and proteome analyses highlight the importance of the Cpx envelope stress system for acid stress and cell wall stability in Escherichia coli

Molecular and proteome analyses highlight the importance of the Cpx envelope stress system for acid stress and cell wall stability in Escherichia coli

First Insights into the Unexplored Two-Component System YehU/YehT in Escherichia coli

Identification of a Target Gene and Activating Stimulus for the YpdA/YpdB Histidine Kinase/Response Regulator System in Escherichia coli

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