Stone Compositions in Turkey: An Analysis According to Gender and Region

Karabacak, Osman Raif; Dilli, Alper; Saltas, Hakan; Yalçınkaya, Fatih; Yörükoğlu, Abdulkerim; Sertçelik, Memduh Nurettin

doi:10.1016/j.urology.2013.04.059

Cited by 25 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In another study performed in this country with 6453 patients, most common types of stones found were whewellite (calcium oxalate monohydrate) (55.7%), whellite plus weddellite (calcium oxalate dihydrate) (18.8%), and weddellite: 5.9%). [12] Data we obtained as a result of chemical method of analysis of urinary system stones were not consistent with the literature data, and did not meet current guidelines. Stone composition has important role in patient monitoring, appropriate dietary recommendations, and arrangement of pharmacotherapies, and should be determined with greater accuracy.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

“…[11] Turkey has a high (15%) incidence of urinary system stone disease. [12] Furthermore, high recurrence rate within 5 and 10 years after first painful episode of stone disease (50% and 80-90%, respectively) mandates pursuit of an effective strategy for diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of this disease. [13] In order to prevent not only urinary system diseases, but also bone, parathyroid, and many endocrine disorders, as well as their related complications, metabolic evaluation guidelines should be complied with, and stone analysis should be first among these assessments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the Efficacy of Chemical Method to Determine Urinary Tract Stone Composition

Kara¹,

Malkoç²,

Tonyalı³

et al. 2017

South Clin Ist Euras

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Objective: The present study evaluated use of chemical method to determine components and category of urinary stones described in current stone disease guidelines.Methods: Chemical analysis of total of 198 urinary stones was performed between March 2014 and September 2015. Calcium, oxalate, uric acid, magnesium, phosphate, cysteine, ammonium, and carbonate were among components detected in stone composition. Stones were divided into groups based on presence of 1, 2, or 3 or more components. Composition results were compared with stone composition data provided in global guidelines.Results: Sixty-five (32.9%) samples consisted of 1 mineral and 133 (67.1%) contained more than 1. Of the total, 107 (54%) compositions were included in European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines. The 107 samples included 45 (22.7%) with components of calcium oxalate, 22 (11.6%) of calcium phosphate, 11 (6.1%) of calcium and uric acid, 10 (5%) of uric acid, 7 (3.5%) of cysteine, 7 (3.5%) of carbonate apatite, 4 (2%) of ammonium urate, and 1 (0.5%) of magnesium, ammonium, and phosphate. However, 91 (46%) stones consisted of components that are not in current EAU guidelines. Conclusion:Chemical analysis was found insufficient to categorize stone types and components seen in EAU guidelines. There is also a lack of information on the process in the literature. It was concluded that chemical analysis is not the best method to evaluate urinary stones.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Efficacy of Chemical Method to Determine Urinary Tract Stone Composition

Kara¹,

Malkoç²,

Tonyalı³

et al. 2017

South Clin Ist Euras

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“…It is widely accepted that urinary stones are more common in men than women, with a male:female ratio range of 1.4–2.9% . Males are at high risk of kidney stones overall, possibly because of a greater tendency for urine CaOx oversaturation and a high protein diet that favours CaOx supersaturation .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unfortunately, there is no similar nationwide epidemiological survey in the Chinese population. Further, previous urinary stone composition analysis was retrospective , single site , or specific to children , and most did not evaluate samples from the first episode of urolithiasis .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The status and characteristics of urinary stone composition in China

Zeng

Yang

et al. 2020

BJU International

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Epidemiology ObjectivesTo explore characteristics of urinary stone composition in China, and determine the effects of gender, age, body mass index (BMI), stone location, and geographical region on stone composition. Patients and methodsWe prospectively used Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy to analyse stones from consecutive patients presenting with new-onset urolithiasis at 46 hospitals in seven geographical areas of China, between 1 June 2010 and 31 May 2015. Chi-squared tests and logistic regression analyses were used to determine associations between stone composition and gender, age, BMI, stone location, and geographical region. ResultsThe most common stone constituents were: calcium oxalate (CaOx; 65.9%), carbapatite (15.6%), urate (12.4%), struvite (2.7%), and brushite (1.7%). CaOx and urate stones occurred more frequently in males, whereas carbapatite and struvite were more common in females (P < 0.01). CaOx and carbapatite were more common in those aged 30-50 and 20-40 years than in other groups. Brushite and struvite were most common amongst those aged <20 and >70 years. The detection rate of urate increased with age, whilst cystine decreased with age. Obese patients were more likely to have urate stones than carbapatite or brushite stones (P < 0.01). CaOx, carbapatite, brushite, and cystine stones were more frequently found in the kidney than other types, whereas urate and struvite were more frequent in the bladder (P < 0.01). Stone composition varied by geographical region. ConclusionsThe most common stone composition was CaOx, followed by carbapatite, urate, struvite, and brushite. Stone composition differed significantly in patients grouped by gender, age, BMI, stone location, and geographical region.

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“…Uric acid nephrolithiasis accounts for around 7-10% of all cases of nephrolithiasis [8][9][10][11][12], varying by gender, age and geographical localization [13][14][15][16]. To date, no medically applicable inhibitor of uric acid crystallization has been identified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%