Stop the microbial chatter

Marx, Vivien

doi:10.1038/511493a

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Moreover, the response to quorum-sensing molecules depends on the canonical taste signaling components PLCβ2 and TRPM5, but not α-gustducin, based on genetic and pharmacological evidence ( Lee et al, 2014a ). Quorum-sensing molecules are a class of chemical signals regulating the expression of microbial genes involved in the formation of biofilm ( Nealson et al, 1970 ; Nealson and Hastings, 1979 ; Eberhard et al, 1981 ; Davies et al, 1998 ; Marx, 2014 ). Once their concentration becomes sufficiently high, a biofilm is formed to protect the bacteria from the host immune defense system ( Nealson et al, 1970 ; Nealson and Hastings, 1979 ; Eberhard et al, 1981 ; Davies et al, 1998 ; Marx, 2014 ).…”

Section: Physiological Roles Of Extraoral T2rsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Quorum-sensing molecules are a class of chemical signals regulating the expression of microbial genes involved in the formation of biofilm (Nealson et al, 1970;Nealson and Hastings, 1979;Eberhard et al, 1981;Davies et al, 1998;Marx, 2014). Once their concentration becomes sufficiently high, a biofilm is formed to protect the bacteria from the host immune defense system (Nealson et al, 1970;Nealson and Hastings, 1979;Eberhard et al, 1981;Davies et al, 1998;Marx, 2014). In this context, it makes sense that mammals use T2Rs as a sensory part of their rapid innate immune system to prevent bacteria from forming the biofilm.…”

Section: Physiological Roles Of Extraoral T2rsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extraoral bitter taste receptors in health and disease

Lü

Zhang

Lifshitz

2017

Journal of General Physiology

180

181

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Bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs or T2Rs) belong to the superfamily of seven-transmembrane G protein–coupled receptors, which are the targets of >50% of drugs currently on the market. Canonically, T2Rs are located in taste buds of the tongue, where they initiate bitter taste perception. However, accumulating evidence indicates that T2Rs are widely expressed throughout the body and mediate diverse nontasting roles through various specialized mechanisms. It has also become apparent that T2Rs and their polymorphisms are associated with human disorders. In this review, we summarize the physiological and pathophysiological roles that extraoral T2Rs play in processes as diverse as innate immunity and reproduction, and the major challenges in this emerging field.

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Section: Physiological Roles Of Extraoral T2rsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physiological Roles Of Extraoral T2rsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraoral bitter taste receptors in health and disease

Lü

Zhang

Lifshitz

2017

Journal of General Physiology

180

181

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“…In addition, biofilms proximal to the hepatic flexure constitutes a higher frequency of epithelial KRAS and BRAF mutations and are linked to a worse prognosis for right-sided cancers. 9 , 12 , 34 , 75 , 128 - 130…”

Section: Evading Host Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking Gut Microbiota to Colorectal Cancer

Raskov¹,

Burcharth²,

Pommergaard³

2017

J. Cancer

124

101

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Pre-clinical and clinical data produce mounting evidence that the microbiota is strongly associated with colorectal carcinogenesis. Dysbiosis may change the course of carcinogenesis as microbial actions seem to impact genetic and epigenetic alterations leading to dysplasia, clonal expansion and malignant transformation. Initiation and promotion of colorectal cancer may result from direct bacterial actions, bacterial metabolites and inflammatory pathways. Newer aspects of microbiota and colorectal cancer include quorum sensing, biofilm formation, sidedness and effects/countereffects of microbiota and probiotics on chemotherapy. In the future, targeting the microbiota will probably be a powerful weapon in the battle against CRC as gut microbiology, genomics and metabolomics promise to uncover important linkages between microbiota and intestinal health.

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“…Antibiotics at sub-inhibitory concentrations have been found to interfere with bacterial cell regulation systems, altering global transcription patterns and affecting up to 5–10% of all transcripts 4, 8–10 , including regulators involved in quorum sensing (QS). QS is a cell-to-cell communication system mediated by signaling molecules inducing expression of defined sets of genes, e.g., encoding for energy-intensive processes like biofilm formation, cell motility and antibiotic production, and hypothesized to facilitate adaptations to environmental stimuli 11–13 . The addition of antibiotics to Chromobacterium violaceum cultures enhanced production of the QS signaling molecules N -acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual function of tropodithietic acid as antibiotic and signaling molecule in global gene regulation of the probiotic bacterium Phaeobacter inhibens

Beyersmann

Tomasch

Son

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Antibiotics are typically regarded as microbial weapons, but whereas their function at concentrations lethal for bacteria is often well characterized, the role of antibiotics at much lower concentrations as possibly found under natural conditions remains poorly understood. By using whole-transcriptome analyses and phenotypic screenings of the marine bacterium Phaeobacter inhibens we found that the broad-spectrum antibiotic tropodithietic acid (TDA) causes the same regulatory effects in quorum sensing (QS) as the common signaling molecule N-acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) at concentrations 100-fold lower than the minimal inhibitory concentration against bacteria. Our results show that TDA has a significant impact on the expression of ~10% of the total genes of P. inhibens, in the same manner as the AHL. Furthermore, TDA needs the AHL associated LuxR-type transcriptional regulator, just as the AHL molecule. Low concentrations of antibiotics can obviously have a strong influence on the global gene expression of the bacterium that produces it and drastically change the metabolism and behaviour of the bacterium. For P. inhibens this includes motility, biofilm formation and antibiotic production, all important for settlement on new host-associated surfaces. Our results demonstrate that bacteria can produce antibiotics not only to antagonise other bacteria, but also to mediate QS like endogenous AHL molecules.

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Stop the microbial chatter

Cited by 20 publications

References 8 publications

Extraoral bitter taste receptors in health and disease

Extraoral bitter taste receptors in health and disease

Linking Gut Microbiota to Colorectal Cancer

Dual function of tropodithietic acid as antibiotic and signaling molecule in global gene regulation of the probiotic bacterium Phaeobacter inhibens

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