Stopping epidemics when and where they occur

Torreele, Els; Kazatchkine, Michel D.; Liu, Joanne; Dybul, Mark; Cárdenas, Mauricio; Singh, Sudhvir; Quigley, Helena Legido; McNab, Christine; Sirleaf, Ellen Johnson; Mazzucato, Mariana; Clark, Helen

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(23)00015-6

Cited by 19 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The key to protecting future global public health will be the management of these technology platforms as shared global commons or global public goods that are non-proprietary and available for any developer of epidemic and pandemic vaccines [ 60 ]. Instead of companies competing to achieve the biggest share of the market based on a monopoly control of these platforms, slow or no technology transfer, and delayed access in many parts of the world, there would be agile, decentralised, and localised innovation and multiple manufacturers in many places able to plug in new variants or pathogens.…”

Section: Sharing Vaccine Platform Technology and Know-how To Strength...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Equipping local research and manufacturing teams with the technology and skills should allow for rapid-response R&D based on adapting shared platform technologies. Flexible, modular pandemic vaccine production systems (such that once a microbial threat is identified and sequenced, sites in affected regions can develop their own versions and manufacture their own supplies of vaccine with relative swiftness) might be part of regional containment strategies [ 60 ]. Technology transfer pathways with LMICs might be seeded by sharing vaccine-specific knowledge and know-how through milestone-driven partnerships with vaccine centres of excellence (such as the Sienna-based GSK global vaccines facility), and early transfer at proof-of-concept and at later stages of clinical development.…”

Section: Sharing Vaccine Platform Technology and Know-how To Strength...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Future of Epidemic and Pandemic Vaccines to Serve Global Public Health Needs

et al. 2023

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This Review initiates a wide-ranging discussion over 2023 by selecting and exploring core themes to be investigated more deeply in papers submitted to the Vaccines Special Issue on the “Future of Epidemic and Pandemic Vaccines to Serve Global Public Health Needs”. To tackle the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, an acceleration of vaccine development across different technology platforms resulted in the emergency use authorization of multiple vaccines in less than a year. Despite this record speed, many limitations surfaced including unequal access to products and technologies, regulatory hurdles, restrictions on the flow of intellectual property needed to develop and manufacture vaccines, clinical trials challenges, development of vaccines that did not curtail or prevent transmission, unsustainable strategies for dealing with variants, and the distorted allocation of funding to favour dominant companies in affluent countries. Key to future epidemic and pandemic responses will be sustainable, global-public-health-driven vaccine development and manufacturing based on equitable access to platform technologies, decentralised and localised innovation, and multiple developers and manufacturers, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). There is talk of flexible, modular pandemic preparedness, of technology access pools based on non-exclusive global licensing agreements in exchange for fair compensation, of WHO-supported vaccine technology transfer hubs and spokes, and of the creation of vaccine prototypes ready for phase I/II trials, etc. However, all these concepts face extraordinary challenges shaped by current commercial incentives, the unwillingness of pharmaceutical companies and governments to share intellectual property and know-how, the precariousness of building capacity based solely on COVID-19 vaccines, the focus on large-scale manufacturing capacity rather than small-scale rapid-response innovation to stop outbreaks when and where they occur, and the inability of many resource-limited countries to afford next-generation vaccines for their national vaccine programmes. Once the current high subsidies are gone and interest has waned, sustaining vaccine innovation and manufacturing capability in interpandemic periods will require equitable access to vaccine innovation and manufacturing capabilities in all regions of the world based on many vaccines, not just “pandemic vaccines”. Public and philanthropic investments will need to leverage enforceable commitments to share vaccines and critical technology so that countries everywhere can establish and scale up vaccine development and manufacturing capability. This will only happen if we question all prior assumptions and learn the lessons offered by the current pandemic. We invite submissions to the special issue, which we hope will help guide the world towards a global vaccine research, development, and manufacturing ecosystem that better balances and integrates scientific, clinical trial, regulatory, and commercial interests and puts global public health needs first.

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Section: Sharing Vaccine Platform Technology and Know-how To Strength...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sharing Vaccine Platform Technology and Know-how To Strength...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Future of Epidemic and Pandemic Vaccines to Serve Global Public Health Needs

et al. 2023

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“…Trottier and Moore (2022) have problematized the vaccine inequity in low-and middleincome nations but recommended no action. Although Canada supports other countries' recovery and response, the market-oriented donor support model used by the Global North has failed to achieve pandemic response equities in the Global South (Torreele et al, 2023). Therefore, we draw on Torreele et al (2023), who advocate for a global commons approach to generate an equitable end-to-end ecosystem for addressing outbreaks and pandemics.…”

Section: Dear Editormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although Canada supports other countries' recovery and response, the market-oriented donor support model used by the Global North has failed to achieve pandemic response equities in the Global South (Torreele et al, 2023). Therefore, we draw on Torreele et al (2023), who advocate for a global commons approach to generate an equitable end-to-end ecosystem for addressing outbreaks and pandemics. This approach is glocal in that it proposes linking governance and finance, from research and development to production, distribution, and access, for every region to quickly respond to outbreaks where it happens (Torreele et al, 2023).…”

Section: Dear Editormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, we draw on Torreele et al (2023), who advocate for a global commons approach to generate an equitable end-to-end ecosystem for addressing outbreaks and pandemics. This approach is glocal in that it proposes linking governance and finance, from research and development to production, distribution, and access, for every region to quickly respond to outbreaks where it happens (Torreele et al, 2023). The vaccine technology transfer hub in South Africa is one such model.…”

Section: Dear Editormentioning

confidence: 99%

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