Storage of red blood cells affects membrane composition, microvesiculation, and in vitro quality

Almizraq, Ruqayyah J.; Tchir, Jayme D.R.; Holovati, Jelena L.; Acker, Jason P.

doi:10.1111/trf.12080

Cited by 130 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The same group of investigators recently revealed a near doubling in the absolute number of RBC-derived MV 42 days of storage [43]. Nevertheless, the role of MVs in TRALI development is yet to be elucidated.…”

Section: Microvesiclesmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Almizraq et al [43] have recently shown that the MV released from RBC membranes is rich in polyunsaturated phospholipids [44]. In a comparative analysis of the lipid composition of MV and RBC membranes during storage showed that the glycerophospherine (PS) profile of stored RBC membranes did not resemble the PS profile of fresh RBCs, and the MV showed greater PS abundance [44].…”

Section: Microvesiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Changes throughout storage can directly affect membrane phospholipids composition and integrity of RBCs, both of which are integral to the maintenance of red cell function [43,44].…”

Section: Rbc-derived Lipidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Storage of Red Blood Cells and Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury

Babaev

Pozzi

Hare

et al. 2014

JACCOA

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Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a major complication posttransfusion. A consensus definition of TRALI has been recently established to improve diagnosis but the pathogenesis of TRALI is yet to be understood. Although the antibody-mediated two-hit model of TRALI is the classical narrative, increasing evidence of the probable implications of prolonged storage of blood provides novel mechanisms towards storage lesion-the potentially injurious cellular and biochemical changes that occur in stored red blood cells. Red blood cell-derived lipids and micro vesicles may have been playing an important role in the development of TRALI. This article will provide a brief overview of the current understanding of TRALI and then discuss the implications and the potential mechanisms by which stored red blood cells may lead to TRALI. TRALI is characterized by clinical features that include, but not limited to, dyspnea, tachypnea, respiratory insufficiency, noncardiogenic bilateral pulmonary edema, decreased pulmonary compliance and acute hypoxemia (PaO 2 /FiO 2 <300 mmHg, (Table 1) [13,14]. KeywordsThe incidence of TRALI ranges from 1/5,000-1/1,323 transfusions within the general population and it is the leading cause of transfusion-related death in the United States [15]. Such large range in incidence could be attributed to the relatively unspecific diagnostics tools available for TRALI, past cases of under-diagnosis or misdiagnosis, and the elevated incidence of TRALI within vulnerable populations [14][15][16]. A recent study analyzing the incidence of TRALI in critically ill patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) observed that over 5% of all patients who received blood transfusion developed TRALI, which is 50-100 times greater occurrence than in the general hospital population [12,17]. Risk factors related to recipients and donorsThe risk factors of TRALI are highly diverse, among patients DefinitionDiagnostic Parameters TRALIBi-lateral infiltrates with non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema. ARDS appearance within 6hours after transfusion. Hypoxemia: PaO 2 /F i O 2 < 300 mmHg. Potential TRALI Similar to TRALI diagnosis with an additional risk-factor for lung injury/ARDS. Delayed TRALI Diagnostic parameters characteristic of TRALI within 24-72 hours after transfusion.

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Section: Microvesiclesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Microvesiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Storage of Red Blood Cells and Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury

Babaev

Pozzi

Hare

et al. 2014

JACCOA

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“…Other studies have shown that RBC MCHC and MCV change during blood storage and the type and extent of the changes depend on the additive preservation solution that is used to store the RBCs [21,23,24]. Therefore, in our simulations, RBC MCHC was varied from 14 to 22 mM and the volume of RBC was decreased from 90 to 60 mm 3 .…”

Section: Examined Effects Of Rbc Mchc MCV and Permeabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous studies have found that the geometry of the red blood cell tends to become more spherical during storage thereby having a smaller surface area to volume ratio [10,[18][19][20]. The mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration decreases, and the structure of RBC membrane changes significantly during storage [21,22]. In addition, RBC volume varies during blood storage but the type of change depends on which additive preservation solutions is used [23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of Faster NO Scavenging by Older Stored Red Blood Cells

Liu

Janes

et al. 2013

Free Radical Biology and Medicine

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a b s t r a c tThe blood storage lesion involves morphological and biochemical changes of red blood cells (RBCs) that occur during storage. These include conversion of the biconcave disc morphology to a spherical one, decreased mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, varied mean corpuscular volume, reduced integrity of the erythrocyte membrane with formation of microparticles, and increased cell-free hemoglobin. We studied the extent that older stored red blood cells scavenge nitric oxide (NO) faster than fresher stored red blood cells. Using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and stoppedflow absorption spectroscopy to measure the rate of NO uptake and reaction with hemoglobin in red cells, we found that older stored red blood cells scavenge NO about 1.8 times faster than fresher ones. Based on these experimental data, we simulated NO scavenging by fresher or older stored red blood cells with a biconcave or spherical geometry, respectively, in order to explore the mechanism of NO scavenging related to changes that occur during blood storage. We found that red blood cells with a spherical geometry scavenges NO about 2 times slower than ones with a biconcave geometry, and a smaller RBC hemoglobin concentration or volume increases NO scavenging by red blood cells. Our simulations demonstrate that even the most extreme possible changes in mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and mean corpuscular volume that favor increased NO scavenging are insufficient to account for what is observed experimentally. Therefore, RBC membrane permeability must increase during storage and we find that the permeability is likely to increase between 5 and 70 fold. Simulations using a two-dimensional blood vessel show that even a 5-fold increase in membrane permeability to NO can reduce NO bioavailability at the smooth muscle. Background: Transfusion of older stored blood may be harmful. Results: Older stored red blood cells scavenge nitric oxide more than fresher cells. Conclusion: As stored red blood cells age, structural and biochemical changes occur that lead to faster scavenging. Significance: Increased nitric oxide scavenging by red blood cells as a function of storage age contributes to deleterious effects upon transfusion.

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Label‐Free Analysis of Red Blood Cell Storage Lesions Using Imaging Flow Cytometry

et al. 2019

Self Cite

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Deleterious changes, collectively termed as storage lesions, alter the characteristics of red blood cell (RBC) morphology during in vitro storage. Due to gradual loss of cellular membrane, RBCs lose their original biconcave disk shape and begin a process of spherical deformation that is characterized by well-defined morphological criteria. At the spheroechinocyte stage, the structure of RBC is irreversibly damaged and lacks the elasticity necessary to efficiently deliver oxygen. Quantifying the prevalence of spheroechinocytes could provide an important morphological measure of the quality of stored blood products. Unlike the conventional RBC morphology characterization assay involving light microscopy, we introduce a label-free assay using imaging flow cytometry (IFC). The technique captures 100,000 images of a sample and calculates a relative measure of spheroechinocyte population in a fraction of the time required by the conventional method. A comparative method study, measuring a morphological index for 11 RCC units through storage, found that the two techniques measured similar trends with IFC reporting the metric at an average of 3.9% higher. We monitored 18 RCC units between Weeks 1 and 6 of storage and found that the spheroechinocyte population increased by an average of 26.2%. The large (3.5-64.1%) variation between the units' spheroechinocyte population percentage at Week 1 suggests a possible dependence of blood product quality on donor characteristics. Given our method's ability to rapidly monitor large samples and refine morphological characterization beyond conventional methods, we believe our technique offers good potential for studying the underlying relationships between RBC morphology and blood storage lesions.Key terms deformability; erythrocyte; imaging flow cytometry; red blood cell morphology; storage lesion CURRENTLY, blood banks and hospital laboratories are devoid of convenient, label-free techniques to measure the morphological distribution of red blood cells (RBCs) stored in vitro. Parameters such as membrane shape and deformability are critical for understanding an RBC's functional efficacy as an oxygen transporter (1). Microscopy-related assays, considered the gold standard for RBC morphology analysis, stain and smear samples prior to manual characterization. High-throughput assays that can measure RBCs within environments closely resembling in vivo conditions could obtain a more insightful assessment of the morphology distribution.RBCs are stored in vitro primarily to enhance the oxygen carrying capacity of vulnerable patients via transfusions (2). Blood banks extract RBCs from donated blood using customized separation techniques and suspend the cells in a preservative fluid to increase its shelf-life (3). During storage of this red cell concentrate (RCC), typically set at a maximum of 6 weeks, RBCs undergo a sequence of significant biochemical and biomechanical changes, which have been collectively termed hypothermic storage lesions (4,5). RBC storage lesions cause the formation of m...

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Storage of red blood cells affects membrane composition, microvesiculation, and in vitro quality

Cited by 130 publications

References 53 publications

Storage of Red Blood Cells and Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury

Storage of Red Blood Cells and Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury

Mechanism of Faster NO Scavenging by Older Stored Red Blood Cells

Label‐Free Analysis of Red Blood Cell Storage Lesions Using Imaging Flow Cytometry

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