“…In order to find out the effects of abiotic stresses on seed germination of A. venetum, several studies have been conducted on the physiological and biochemical changes. Specifically, the seed germination rate of freshly matured seeds was promoted to some extent under low PEG-6000 (0 to 10%), not significantly affected under low salinity concentrations (0 to 200 mmol/L), while significantly decreased with the increasing of drought and salinity stresses (Zhang et al, 2007;Xu et al, 2015;Jiang et al, 2021); in addition, the seed germination rate was better performance at 10/25 and 15/30 • C (12-h alternating) than any other temperatures, significantly decreased with prolongation of seed storage period, while not affected by the light (Liu et al, 2015;Jiang et al, 2021). For the physiological changes during seed germination in response to drought stress, the contents of electrolyte leakage rates and osmolytes [i.e., MDA, Pro and soluble sugar], and the activities of antioxidant enzymes [i.e., SOD, APX, GR and POD] were increased, while the CAT activity was descended in general trend with the increasing of PEG-6000 concentrations (0-30%) (Xu et al, 2015;Zhao and Dai, 2015).…”