Straight motion of half-integer topological defects in thin Fe-N magnetic films with stripe domains

Fin, Samuele; Silvani, Raffaele; Tacchi, S.; Marangolo, M.; Garnier, Lucas; Eddrief, M.; Hepburn, C.; Fortuna, F.; Rettori, A.; Pini, M. G.; Bisero, D.

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-27283-7

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…We obtained K PMA in the range from 5 to 7×10 6 erg cm −3 (see figure 7(c) later on), consistent with the reported values for the magnetocrystalline anisotropy of α′-Fe 8 N 1−x [85,86], and in agreement with K PMA values measured by ferromagnetic resonance [87]. We note that, assuming M s =1700 emu cm −3 [31], the quality factor Q of the Fe-N samples investigated in this work is between 0.275 and 0.385, depending on the preparation conditions, while the critical thickness above which the stripe domains appear is about 40 nm.…”

Section: Structural Investigationssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Weak stripe domains were first predicted theoretically [32,33] and later discovered experimentally in NiFe films [19,34]. In the following years, the phenomenon has been found and deepened in different kinds of thin films with moderate PMA, such as FeGa [35][36][37][38], FeN [31,39,40], FeSiB [41,42], CoFeB [43], FeTaN [44], GdFe [45], NdCo [46], FeCoZr [23], La x Sr 1−x MnO 3 [47] and multilayers with moderate perpendicular anisotropy [48][49][50]. Very recently, it has been shown [51] that the formation of stripe domains can be induced in a Py film, even far below the critical thickness, by coupling the Py film to a NdCo one, characterized by a moderate PMA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Typically, within such approaches the magnetostatic interaction associated with the stripe pattern is properly evaluated by taking into account a realistic, although simplified, magnetization profile across the stripes, such as in [18][19][20][21][22][23][24] (1D models), and/or across the film thickness, such as in [25,26] (2D models). Alternatively, a numerical micromagnetic calculation can be performed, but the limitation of such an approach is related to the finite size of the film plane [27][28][29][30][31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stripe domains reorientation in ferromagnetic films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy

et al. 2020

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Ferromagnetic thin films with moderate perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) are known to support weak stripe domains provided film thickness exceeds a critical value. In this work, we performed both an experimental and theoretical investigation of a peculiar phenomenon shown by weak stripe domains: namely, the stripe domains reorientation when a dc magnetic field is applied in the film plane along the direction perpendicular to the stripes axis. We focus on bct α′-Fe 8 N 1−x thin films obtained by + N 2 implantation of α-Fe films epitaxially grown on ZnSe/GaAs(001). By using different ion implantation and heat treatment conditions, we show that it is possible to tune the PMA values. Magnetic force microscopy and vibrating sample magnetometer measurements prove the existence of weak stripe domains at remanence, and of a threshold field for the reorientation of the stripes axis in a transversal field. Using a one-dimensional model of the magnetic stripe domains, where the essential parameter is the maximum canting angle of the stripe magnetization out of the film plane, the various contributions to the magnetic energy can be separately calculated. A linear increase of the reorientation threshold field on the PMA is obtained, in qualitative agreement with experimental data in our Fe-N films, as well as in other thin films with weak stripe domains. Finally, we find that also the rotatable anisotropy field linearly increases as a function of the PMA magnitude.

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Section: Structural Investigationssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stripe domains reorientation in ferromagnetic films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy

et al. 2020

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“…Here, we employ spin polarized scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) to study pinning of the curled magnetization of a magnetic vortex core 22,23 . We apply well defined lateral forces by in-plane magnetic fields B ∥ 24 and independently tune the size of the vortex core by an out-of-plane field B ⊥ . The latter enables control on the non-collinearity of the core magnetization and, hence, on the strength of exchange energy density u exch in the core.…”

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confidence: 99%

Probing the pinning strength of magnetic vortex cores with sub-nanometer resolution

et al. 2020

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Understanding interactions of magnetic textures with defects is crucial for applications such as racetrack memories or microwave generators. Such interactions appear on the few nanometer scale, where imaging has not yet been achieved with controlled external forces. Here, we establish a method determining such interactions via spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy in three-dimensional magnetic fields. We track a magnetic vortex core, pushed by the forces of the in-plane fields, and discover that the core (~10 4 Fe-atoms) gets successively pinned close to single atomic-scale defects. Reproducing the core path along several defects via parameter fit, we deduce the pinning potential as a mexican hat with short-range repulsive and long-range attractive part. The approach to deduce defect induced pinning potentials on the sub-nanometer scale is transferable to other non-collinear spin textures, eventually enabling an atomic scale design of defect configurations for guiding and reliable read-out in racetrack type devices.

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“…4 (a)), have been commonly observed in several magnetic textures, including ferromagnetic stripe, helical, and skyrmion domain structures. Previous studies have reported the dynamics of topological defects in these magnetic textures under thermal fluctuation or a magnetic field 17,[27][28][29] .…”

Section: Simulation Of Inline Holography For Dynamics Of Topological Defectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topological Charge of Soft X-ray Vortex Beam Determined by Inline Holography

Ishii¹,

Nakao²,

Mizumaki³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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A Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) vortex beam having a spiral wavefront can be characterized by its topological charge (TC). The TC gives the number of times that the beam phase passes through the interval [0, 2π] following a closed loop surrounding the propagation axis. Here, the TC of soft X-ray vortex beams is determined using the in-line holography technique, where interference between vortex waves produced from a fork grating and divergent waves from a Fresnel zone plate is observed as a holographic image. The analyses revealed the phase distributions and the TC for the LG vortex waves, which reflects topological number of the fork gratings, as well as for the Hermite–Gaussian (HG) mode waves generated from the other gratings. We also conducted a simulation of the present technique for pair annihilation of topological defects in a magnetic texture. These results may pave the way for development of probes capable of characterizing the topological numbers of magnetic defects.

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Straight motion of half-integer topological defects in thin Fe-N magnetic films with stripe domains

Cited by 9 publications

References 54 publications

Stripe domains reorientation in ferromagnetic films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy

Stripe domains reorientation in ferromagnetic films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy

Probing the pinning strength of magnetic vortex cores with sub-nanometer resolution

Topological Charge of Soft X-ray Vortex Beam Determined by Inline Holography

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