Straight to Low-Sinuosity Drainage Systems in a Variscan-Type Orogen—Constraints from Tectonics, Lithology and Climate

Dill, Harald G.; Buzatu, A.; Balaban, Sorin-Ionuţ

doi:10.3390/min11090933

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 130 publications

(164 reference statements)

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“…The geomorphometric analyses delivering numerical data for the slope angle, elevations and gradient have been used in previous studies and described by [41,42]. They were only adjusted to the current topic and modified to a larger scale.…”

Section: Geomorphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only during the Middle Triassic, "Muschelkalk", a marine invasion, took place in the study area (Figures 2 and 3). Sediments mainly of Triassic age constitute the basis of the depositional area of the Steinach River and the bedrock of the meandering drainage systems discussed in the precursor study [41,42]. Proximal to the basement bilateral symmetrically, coarsegrained red bed fanglomerates extend towards the NW and SE of Fichtelgebirge Anticline, the fold axis of which plunges towards the SW (Figure 2).…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The current sedimentological study forms part of a tripartite approach taken during terrain analysis of a basement-foreland terrain. The geomorphological part has already been published and only some amendments have been performed during the current sedimentological study which are provided in the succeeding paragraphs of Section 4.1 to help understand the issues presented [41,42,53]). The amendments mainly concern a more detailed mapping of the country rocks of the Steinach drainage system, the results of which are illustrated in the map of Figure 3 and form the basis for the follow-up sedimentological studies.…”

Section: Geomorphology Of the Steinach Drainage Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The headwaters are characterized by an alluvial to non-alluvial dendritic channel system which evolved on a subhorizontal planar erosional landform termed peneplains [102,103]. It was subsequently undergoing a periglacial reshaping leading to the formation of local nivation cirques [42,104].…”

Section: The Natural Processing Plant-compartmentalization and Grain ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to address these goals, a tripartite approach (GMS) was taken, and its results combined with those of a terrain analysis published under separate cover. The field work was devoted to the landscape hosting the terrigenous sediments, to determine the parameter to the best of one's ability in an area which has been profoundly studied throughout the last decades [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42]. This good coverage makes the Western Approaches of the Fichtelgebirge Mts., SE Germany, and its Permo-Mesozoic foreland an ideal place to set up what might be called "a natural sedimentological laboratory" (Figures 1 and 2).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Natural GMS Laboratory (Granulometry-Morphometry-Situmetry): Geomorphological-Sedimentological-Mineralogical Terrain Analysis Linked to Coarse-Grained Siliciclastic Sediments at the Basement-Foreland Boundary (SE Germany)

et al. 2022

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The “natural GMS laboratory” (granulometry-morphometry-situmetry) is located within the Variscan Basement in SE Germany (Fichtelgebirge Mts.), which is uplifted relative to its Permo-Mesozoic foreland along a deep-seated lineamentary fault zone. This transitional study area is crossed by straight to low drainage systems in the basement, turning meandering channel systems into high sinuosity when entering the foreland. Due to its good geological coverage, the entire region is subjected to an advanced-level terrain analysis and completed with a sedimentological study focusing on the GMS tool. Unlike many applications in the past, the three components of the GMS tool that are of almost equal value ought to be used in combination and not as stand-alone procedures so as to be integrated into other near-surface geoscientific methods, e.g., sediment petrography. The strong points of granulometry of coarse-grained/gravel-sized sediments are its extension into the smaller sand and clay grain size intervals using the sorting, mean and/or median values for an environmental analysis. Morphometry can be linked to the compositional geosciences, e.g., mineralogy and geochemistry. The grain shape is intimately connected with the lithology, providing options from triaxial measuring of the lithoclast to the digital image analysis. It is a favorable tool to supplement the provenance of lithoclasts. Situmetry is the key element of hydrodynamic research and directly builds upon its sister methods. Its applications and numerical approaches are useful for the identification and quantification of physical land-forming processes. It is the fan sharpness and the orientation of lithoclasts relative to the direction of the talweg and in relation cross-sectional valley features that integrate the GMS tool into geological and geomorphological mapping, both of which result in a digital terrain model. Horizontal rose diagrams are useful for the upper reaches of drainage systems, be they of alluvial or non-alluvial types, and vertical ones for alluvial channels in the distal and proximal foreland where stacked patterns of depositional terraces are of widespread occurrence. In general, the GMS tool can be applied to sedimentological, geomorphological, petrographic and tectonic objects in basements and foreland basins; in applied geosciences, it is suitable for the identification of mineral resources and of areas vulnerable to geohazards, and in genetic geosciences for the discrimination of supergene chemical and physical depositional and land-forming processes.

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Section: Geomorphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%