Strain Calculated from Twinning in Calcite

Groshong, Richard H.

doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1972)83[2025:scftic]2.0.co;2

Cited by 167 publications

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“…The relationship between calcite twin width and metamorphic grade has been observed in naturally deformed limestones from the Central Appalachians (compare Groshong (1972Groshong ( , 1975 and Spang and Groshong (1981) with Dunne (1991) andFerrill (1991)), the Helvetic Alps (Groshong et al, 1984a;Burkhard, 1986), the Prealps (Mosar, 1989), and the northern Subalpine Chain (Ferrill, 1991;Ferrill and Groshong, 1993). The consistency of this relationship and its ease of application make it a useful geothermometer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Calcite twin morphology: a low-temperature deformation geothermometer

Ferrill

Morris

Evans

et al. 2004

Journal of Structural Geology

306

261

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Twinning of the e-plane is the dominant crystal -plastic deformation mechanism in calcite deformed below about 400 8C. Calcite in a twin domain has a different crystallographic orientation from the host calcite grain. So-called thin twins appear as thin black lines when viewed parallel to the twin plane at 200-320 £ magnification under a petrographic microscope. Thick twins viewed in the same way have a microscopically visible width of twinned material between black lines. Calcite e-twin width and morphology has been correlated with temperature of deformation in naturally deformed coarse-grained calcite. In this paper, we present a compilation and analysis of data from limestones of the frontal Alps (France and Switzerland) and the Appalachian Valley and Ridge and Plateau provinces (eastern United States) to document this temperature dependence. Mean calcite twin width correlates directly with temperature of deformation such that thin twins dominate below 170 8C and thick twins dominate above 200 8C. Above 250 8C dynamic recrystallization is an important deformation mechanism in calcite. Mean twin intensity (twin planes/mm) correlates negatively with temperature, and a cross plot of twin intensity with twin width can yield information about both strain and temperature of deformation. These relationships provide a deformation geothermometer for rocks that might otherwise yield little or no paleotemperature data.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Calcite twin strain in coarse-grained limestones is measured using the calcite strain gauge technique of Groshong (1972Groshong ( , 1974 and Evans and Groshong (1994). Careful preparation of thin sections is required so that grains are not fractured or twinned during sample preparation.…”

Section: Calcite Twinningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcite twin morphology: a low-temperature deformation geothermometer

Ferrill

Morris

Evans

et al. 2004

Journal of Structural Geology

306

261

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“…Figure 10 presents the deviatoric strain orientations of the fineooid layer cement calculated using the Groshong (1972) method. Appendix C shows the full data set for all twins.…”

Section: Calcite Twinning Strain Gaugementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In oolitic grainstones, mechanical twinning is common in the cement and rare in ooid grains (Schmid, 1982). Twinning cannot accommodate very large strains as only one independent slip system is available for a most strain orientations (Groshong, 1972;Burkhard, 1993;Fossen, 2016).…”

Section: Mechanical Twinningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Twin thickness measurements were adjusted for true thickness using the orientation of the twin plane and the apparent twin width. An excel macro program (Tielke, 2010) was then used to implement the Groshong (1972) techniques to determine the orientation of the s1 and s3 axes. The program inputs are the orientations for each grain of the host caxis, e-twin plane, grain width and twin density and true thickness.…”

Section: Calcite Twinning Strain Gaugementioning

confidence: 99%

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Millimetre-Scale Localisation of Strain and Dissolution in Oolitic Grainstone

Lynch¹

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Millimetre-scale localisation of strain and dissolution in oolitic grainstone ii KeywordsCarbonate, clay dissolution, cement, CPO, ductile, deformation mechanisms, EBSD, grain boundary sliding, geological history, initial interfaces, microfabric, ooid, oolite, porosity, pressure solution, SPO, strain localisation, stylolite, viscosity, XFMMillimetre-scale localisation of strain and dissolution in oolitic grainstone iii AbstractLocalisation of finite strain in rocks is commonly explained by variations in loading conditions, rock mechanical properties and rock fabric. In a geological sequence of layered rocks where loading conditions (such as temperature and far-field stress) are similar, strain variations are commonly constrained to layers with differing material properties. The examined Gudman Oolite presents a unique and interesting example of how variable finite strain is influenced by minor variations in material properties.The Carboniferous Gudman Oolite features alternating millimetre-to centimetre-thick layers of coarse ooids (mean diameter ~1-3mm) and fine ooids (mean diameter ~0.5-1mm) within a sparitic cement (30-300µm grains). Each layer is predominantly (>95%) calcite, formed in the same depositional environment and experienced the same tectonic history. However, the coarse-ooid layers show high non-coaxial deformation and extensive stylolite textures. In contrast, the fine-ooid layers appear nearly undeformed, and are almost devoid of dissolution textures.To shed light on the reasons for this marked localisation of deformation and dissolution, the rock mechanical properties and rock fabric were measured using a combination of X-ray Fluorescence Microscopy (XFM), Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), palaeotemperature analysis and petrographic methods including Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Cathodoluminescence (CL) and transmitted light microscopy. Examination of overprinting relationships in the coarse-ooid layer shows that localised dissolution (D1) occurred prior to localised non-coaxial strain (D2). Primitive stylolite textures suggest that dissolution seams formed in concentric mica-rich layers within ooids which occasionally linked to surrounding ooids to form laterally extensive stylolite seams. I argue that the relatively larger ooids in the coarse-ooid layer contain more extensive micaceous layers which promoted linking and dissolution to form laterally continuous stylolite seams.I conclude that D1 dissolution destroyed the C3 cement framework and reduced the strength of the coarse-ooid layer relative to the largely preserved fine-ooid layer. The later D2 shear deformation event localised strain in the weakened coarse-ooid layer.

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Determination of the tectonic evolution from fractures, faults, and calcite twins on the southwestern margin of the Indochina Block

et al. 2015

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In polyphase tectonic zones, integrating a study of fault and fracture with calcite twin analysis can determine the evolving paleostress magnitudes and principle stress directions that affected the area. This paper presents the results of the analyses of fractures, striated faults, and calcite twins collected within the Khao Khwang Fold-Thrust Belt in central Thailand (SE Asia). Here we attempt to reconstruct the orientation of the principal stresses that developed during the tectonic evolution of this highly deformed, polyphase orogen. Tectonic data were collected in the Permian carbonates of the Khao Khad Formation of the Saraburi Group, and five successive tectonic stages are determined that are interpreted to have developed before, during, and after, the Triassic Indosinian Orogeny. The first three stages predate the main deformation event: the first stage is interpreted as a pre-Indosinian N-S extensional stage, the second stage described a N-S strike-slip and compressional regime, largely perpendicular to the fold axes of the main structures, while the third stage is associated with an E-W compressional strike-slip phase. A further two stages took place after, or during, the main folding event and correspond to N-S compression and to an E-W composite strike-slip/contractional stage, the latter which is interpreted to represent Cenozoic deformation related to the India-Asia collision.

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Strain Calculated from Twinning in Calcite

Cited by 167 publications

References 0 publications

Calcite twin morphology: a low-temperature deformation geothermometer

Calcite twin morphology: a low-temperature deformation geothermometer

Millimetre-Scale Localisation of Strain and Dissolution in Oolitic Grainstone

Determination of the tectonic evolution from fractures, faults, and calcite twins on the southwestern margin of the Indochina Block

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