Strain on the Anterior Cruciate Ligament during Closed Kinetic Chain Exercises

Heijne, Annette; Fleming, Braden C.; Renström, Per; Peura, Glenn D.; Beynnon, Bruce D.; Werner, Suzanne

doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000128185.55587.a3

Cited by 119 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…ACL is a band of fibrous tissue that connects the femur to tibia .Its function is to control the stability of knee when performing twisting or pivoting actions and stops from moving forward (Voss et al 2008) www.jmscr.igmpublication. analyzed ACL injury subjects treated conservatively and ACL -reconstruction, recorded no difference with regard to knee function, health status and return to pre injury level , this study subject conservatively treated with Post ACL injury had similar benefit of improved knee function as per the above reports  Manske et al knee flexion post ACL -reconstruction to be the goal of therapy in 2 months treated conservatively further evidences positively with therapeutic means  Closed kinematic chain exercise were widely used in ACL rehabilitation as they simulate functional activities (Heijne et al 2004) and helps to correct neuromuscular imbalances for optimal biomechanics and reduction of knee injuries (Ford et al 2003). This study subject was treated mainly with close kinematic exercises hence an improved knee functioning was noted…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Grade – III ACL Tear with Conservative Physiotherapy –An Evidence Based Study

Subramanian¹

2018

jmscr

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Grade – III ACL Tear with Conservative Physiotherapy –An Evidence Based Study

Subramanian¹

2018

jmscr

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“…Brace condition was treated as a repeated measure, with gender as an independent measure and the horizontal speed of the pelvis as the covariate. Previous research has shown gender may affect knee flexion angle and ground reaction forces [6,11,23,25,28], therefore, gender was included to determine whether there was an interaction effect between brace condition and gender. The goal of this study was to determine the brace effect, and not the gender effect.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a Knee Extension Constraint Brace on Lower Extremity Movements after ACL Reconstruction

Stanley

Creighton

Gross

et al. 2011

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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Background Patients have high reinjury rates after ACL reconstruction. Small knee flexion angles and large peak posterior ground reaction forces in landing tasks increase ACL loading. Questions/purposes We determined the effects of a knee extension constraint brace on knee flexion angle, peak posterior ground reaction force, and movement speed in functional activities of patients after ACL reconstruction. Patients and Methods Six male and six female patients 3.5 to 6.5 months after ACL reconstruction participated in the study. Three-dimensional videographic and force plate data were collected while patients performed level walking, jogging, and stair descent wearing a knee extension constraint brace, wearing a nonconstraint brace, and not wearing a knee brace. Knee flexion angle at initial foot contact with the ground, peak posterior ground reaction force, and movement speed were compared across brace conditions and between genders. Results Wearing the knee extension constraint brace increased the knee flexion angle at initial foot contact for each activity when compared with the other two brace conditions. Wearing the knee extension constraint brace also decreased peak posterior ground reaction force during walking but not during jogging and stair descent. Conclusions Although the knee extension constraint brace did not consistently reduce the peak posterior ground reaction force in all functional activities, it consistently increased knee flexion angle and should reduce ACL loading as suggested by previous studies. These results suggest the knee extension constraint brace has potential as a rehabilitation tool to alter lower extremity movement patterns of patients after ACL reconstruction to address high reinjury rates. Level of Evidence Level II, therapeutic study. See Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

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“…After induction of 2% isoflurane inhalation anesthesia, the external fixator was connected to the loading device. The level of graft elongation was chosen on the basis of previous studies that reported 2% to 5% elongation of both the native ACL and ACL grafts in the human knee during light rehabilitation exercises such as pedaling on a stationary bicycle [9][10][11] . Preliminary cadaveric studies confirmed mean normalized graft elongation of 2.2% with use of the loading protocol outlined below.…”

Section: Loading Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%