Strategies for reducing inputs and emissions in turfgrass systems

Braun, Ross C.; Straw, Chase M.; Soldat, Douglas J.; Bekken, Michael A. H.; Patton, Aaron J.; Lonsdorf, Eric V.; Horgan, Brian P.

doi:10.1002/cft2.20218

Cited by 12 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 240 publications

(313 reference statements)

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“…The range for these emissions spans from 1.4 to 6.7 t C ha −1 over a period of two decades [20]. Integrating advanced mower technology to enhance fuel efficiency or employ alternative power sources, like electric or hybrid engines, offers an additional viable solution for reducing emissions from mowers [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Effects of Autonomous Mowers on Plant Biodiversity in Urban Lawns

Gagliardi,

Fontanelli,

Luglio

et al. 2024

Horticulturae

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Gaining information on the impact of lawn management with autonomous mowers on the floristic composition is crucial to improve their plant biodiversity. In this study, an autonomous mower with a reduced mowing frequency and a more sporadic mowing management system with a ride-on rotary mower were compared in terms of the effect on three dicotyledonous species (Phyla nodiflora, Lotus corniculatus and Sulla coronaria) transplanted onto stands of Bermuda and Manila grass. Regardless of the management system, P. nodiflora achieved the best results in terms of survival for both lawns (74.92 and 58.57% in Manila and Bermuda grass, respectively). In Bermuda grass, a higher percentage of surviving individuals was observed for the ordinary mower management system (42.59%), rather than with the autonomous mower (9.10%), while no differences emerged on Manila grass. On both Manila and Bermuda grass, a higher average percentage of coverage for single individual was observed for the ordinary mower management system (1.60 and 0.37%, respectively) compared to the autonomous mower system (0.55 and 0.08%, respectively). P. nodiflora had a higher percentage of individuals with flowers with the ordinary management system rather than with autonomous mower system both on Manila (60.73% and 33.90%, respectively) and Bermuda grass (48.66 and 3.32%, respectively). Despite a lower impact on the planted species being observed for the ordinary mower management system, encouraging results were obtained with the autonomous mower, for instance regarding the percentage of surviving individuals for P. nodiflora (33.95%) and L. corniculatus (22.08%) on Bermuda grass and the percentage of individuals with flowers for the same two species (33.90 and 13.59%, respectively) on Manila grass. Furthermore, the autonomous mower management system’s primary energy consumption over the year was lower compared to that of the ordinary system both on Manila (200.4 and 614.97 kWh ha−1 year−1, respectively) and Bermuda grass (177.82 and 510.99 kWh ha−1 year−1, respectively).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Effects of Autonomous Mowers on Plant Biodiversity in Urban Lawns

Gagliardi,

Fontanelli,

Luglio

et al. 2024

Horticulturae

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Assessing application errors on sports fields across varying levels of sprayer technology and operator experience

Floyd,

Muesse,

Tucker

et al. 2024

Crop Forage & Turfgrass Mgmt

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This study aimed to quantify misses, overlaps, and oversprays on sports fields using different sprayer technologies across operator experience levels. Conducted from Winter 2022 to Summer 2023 at Veterans Park and Southwood Park in College Station, TX, identical studies were conducted on softball, baseball, and soccer fields. Employing a crossover design, six treatments were administered to three fields at each location, using manual, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), and GNSS + autosteer sprayer technologies. Operators ranged from a highly experienced former sports field manager with nearly 20 years of experience to four inexperienced undergraduate students. Field boundaries were georeferenced for target area determination and treatment applications, using water and a spray volume of 65 gal per acre. ArcMap calculated percentage target area missed, overlapped, and oversprayed based on the actual versus intended volume sprayed. Data were subjected to analysis of variance, and means were separated using Fisher's protected LSD (α = 0.05). Applications by inexperienced operators using manual spray mode typically resulted in the highest rates of percentage target area missed and overlapped across locations and field types. The use of GNSS and autosteer technologies markedly reduced these errors and, consequently, percentage target area oversprayed. This enhancement in the consistency of applications led to a reduction of up to 4.6% in the total volume applied on the softball, baseball, and soccer fields. Therefore, the findings suggest that investing in GNSS‐equipped sprayers with autosteer not only decreases the dependency on experienced operators but also minimizes errors and reduces total volume applied.

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Effects of rhizobacteria producing deaminase enzymes for aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylate on drought tolerance and post‐stress recovery in creeping bentgrass under field conditions

Errickson,

Huang

2024

Crop Forage & Turfgrass Mgmt

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Some endophytic rhizobacteria, including species producing deaminase enzymes for 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid (ACC) suppressing ethylene production (ACCd), form symbiosis with plant roots to enhance plant growth and stress tolerance. The objectives of this study were to determine growth‐promoting effects and effective rates of inoculation with ACCd‐producing Paraburkholderia aspalathi (WSF23 and WSF14) on creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) performance under deficit irrigation in field conditions and effectiveness on post‐stress recovery during re‐watering. Turf field plots established with ‘L‐93’ creeping bentgrass were inoculated with P. aspalathi strains (WSF23 and WSF14) through soil drenching either as a single strain or as a combination of both strains. After inoculation, plots were subjected to drought stress with deficit irrigation to replace 60% of the daily evapotranspiration rate, followed by re‐watering for post‐stress recovery. Three inoculant rates of 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 × 107 colony‐forming units (CFUs) were evaluated to determine the most effective dosage to apply under field conditions. Inoculation of plants with the consortium of the two strains at 1.5 × 107 CFUs was most effective in enhancing turf quality, percent green cover, normalized difference vegetation index, and dark green color index during drought stress and recovery periods. These results suggest that creeping bentgrass tolerance to drought stress and improved post‐stress recovery could benefit from inoculation with P. aspalathi strains under field conditions and also ACC deaminase‐producing rhizobacteria could be incorporated into turf management programs to maintain creeping bentgrass during abiotic stress conditions.

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Strategies for reducing inputs and emissions in turfgrass systems

Cited by 12 publications

References 240 publications

Assessment of the Effects of Autonomous Mowers on Plant Biodiversity in Urban Lawns

Assessment of the Effects of Autonomous Mowers on Plant Biodiversity in Urban Lawns

Assessing application errors on sports fields across varying levels of sprayer technology and operator experience

Effects of rhizobacteria producing deaminase enzymes for aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylate on drought tolerance and post‐stress recovery in creeping bentgrass under field conditions

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